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Friedrich A. Meissner Letters

Compiled by Loren P. Meissner

 

Preface: What have we here?

 

My great-grandfather, Friedrich Adolf Meissner, was born December 27, 1804 at Schonbach near Lobau in the Saxon Oberlausitz hill country east of Dresden. His grandfather, Christian Friedrich Meichsner, had been born in 1721 at Johanngeorgenstadt, a town in the "ore mountains" (Erzgebirge) of southeastern Saxony that had been founded by his ancestors in 1654. Christian Friedrich Meichsner left Johanngeorgenstadt and went to school in Leipzig, then at about age 19 to a school in Bautzen, and at about 23 to the University of Leipzig and on to Wittenberg. Along the way, he changed the spelling of his name to Meissner. At the age of 31 he was appointed as Lutheran minister at Schonbach, a post that he retained for almost 50 years. During his tenure the present church building was constructed or extensively remodeled. Upon his death in 1802, Christian Friedrich Meissner was succeeded as minister at Schonbach by his son Ernst, who died about 15 years later. Ernst Friedrich Meissner had three sons: Friedrich Adolph (who wrote these letters), Ernst Friedrich (who died at about 17 years of age), and Karl Friedrich (who participated in the correspondence recorded here). After their father died, the three sons (whose ages were then about 12, 10, and 8) were cared for by their mother's brother, Karl August Seidel, who was gardener for the court of Saxony in Dresden. Friedrich learned about gardening from his uncle, and had some formal agricultural training beginning at about age 16 (see <T167> below).

At about age 19, Friedrich A. Meissner went to America for a short time but returned to Hamburg, and when he was about 22 years old (in 1826 or 1827) he married Elise von Mithofen. They had a daughter, Karoline Marie Eleanore (b. 12 Nov 1826)

On 23 Feb 1838, a son (her fourth child) was born to one Doris Sennewald, who seems to have been a close friend of F.A.M., and who was perhaps his mistress. F.A.M. may have been the father of this child, Georg Heinrich Sennewald or Meissner. At this time, Karoline was 11 years old.

In 1843, with the help of Georg Gerstenberg and others, F.A.M. built a large brick house in Kummerfeld near Hamburg, which is still standing. In September 1845 he left Hamburg for America, and soon afterward his daughter Karoline married Georg Gerstenberg.

Doris Sennewald, now widowed, accompanied F.A.M. to America along with her four children, and all of them were always called Meissner in the U.S. (but Doris was "Mrs. Sennewald" in letters to Karoline). The family lived for almost two years on a farm in New York and then moved to Cape Cod and finally to Florida, where Doris died in 1853. The three older children left, but in 1856 Georg Heinrich (known as Henry, now 18 years old) moved with F.A.M. to Wisconsin. Henry did not stay long with F.A.M. Later he lost a leg in the Civil War, returned to Wisconsin for a short time, and then moved to Iowa and eventually farther west.

In June 1858, F.A.M. married Eva Dorothea Krauss (or Krauss), a 21-year-old German girl who had come to America with her parents and her brother Georg Heinrich (later called George Henry Crouse) about 1847. F.A.M. and Eva lived on the homestead near Mount Pisgah (later Cashton), Wisconsin, for the rest of their lives, and raised four sons and one daughter. Three sons, Ernest (b. 1859), Adolph (b. 1861), and August (b. 1866) married and had large families. Dorathea (b. 1863) and Carl (b. 1864) never married. The two oldest boys moved to the West Coast before 1890; August was married in 1895 but remained in Wisconsin. F.A.M. died in 1899 and Eva in 1926. Carl died in Wisconsin in 1933, Adolph died in Oklahoma in 1939, and Ernest died in Oregon in 1940.

Daughter Dora (Dorathea) remained on the farm until her death in 1946. August (the last surviving child) sold the farm, reserving the plot where F.A.M., Eva, Carl, and Dora are buried. August and his wife Lena brought a box of papers from the farm, mostly written by FAM or his wife Eva. After August died in 1952, Lena kept the box for some time, and then discarded it. A neighbor, Mrs. Constance Stephen of Viroqua WI, salvaged the box. I obtained it from Mrs. Stephen in June 1958.

Some of the material was in diary form, but the most valuable by far consisted of several books that contain copies of letters written by FAM from about 1847 until his death in 1899. Much of the material is in German, in old-style script handwriting. I was fortunate to obtain the services of a well-qualified translator, Mrs. Martina Camphausen of Riverside. Mrs. Camphausen was born in Germany, and had experience in archival work before she married an American soldier stationed there. In 1958, Mr. Camphausen was a student at the University of California, Riverside.

Martina Camphausen made a rough but generally accurate translation of the books of letters, and of some loose letters that were in the box as well. Her English language proficiency was quite adequate but, since I was paying her by the hour, we agreed that she should attempt only a quick translation with no attempt to polish the English text. In the following transcription, I have corrected a few of the most obvious translation errors but in the earlier parts I have made no attempt to eliminate the vestiges of German word order.

In March 1961, at the suggestion of Mrs. Stephen, I donated the box of papers to the Wisconsin State Historical Society. I also loaned the translations to the Society. The original papers, along with microfilms of the translations, as well as some other records (not donated by me) of FAM's public service in Wisconsin as Postmaster and Justice of the Peace, are now filed at the La Crosse Research Center of the University of Wisconsin.

The purpose of the present transcription is to provide better access to the letters that were written in German and translated by Mrs. Camphausen. In addition, some excerpts from the English language letters recorded in the same books, and some loose letters received by F.A.M. that do not appear in the books, are included here for continuity.

Here numbers in brackets <T123> refer to page numbers in Martina Camphausen's translation. In case of any question concerning the present transcription, these numbers may be used to identify the corresponding microfilmed translation pages at La Crosse Research Center. Both the translated German letters and the letters written in English can be further referred back to the original bound volumes at La Crosse Research Center. Unless labeled "[Loose letter]" all letters appear in these hand-bound books of FAM letter copies.

-Loren P. Meissner Kensington, California 1999

 

FAM Letter Copies, Book 1: Apr. 1843 to Sep. 1865

 

Contract: H. Mohr, F.A.M., etc.

<T372> [Loose document.].

17 April 1843.

Under today's date the following building contract has been decided-carefully planned-between the gardener F.A.M. and the Master Mason Heinrich Mohr.

The mason obliges himself to construct the building according to a sketch or directions of the builder, and to do all the necessary work, and to be so far ready with this matter by Johannis [midsummer] of this year (1843) that the building can be moved into. The cellar and the "Wistenkuhle" are supposed to be ready latest in two weeks after 'Date', and the surrounding walls in four weeks after the signing of this contract.

<T373> F.A. Meissner obligates himself to pay to the Mason Mohr for the work done, to pay three [M?] four {SS?], in writing: Three Mark four [SS?] for each 1000 of red or loam stones used, for which Mr. Mohr also agrees to take over the worker's work, the preparing of the loam and chalk as well as cleaning and putting them in. Meissner has to buy all materials, and has to have them any time ready for use on the place.

Mr. Mohr can use the logs lying on the building ground for the necessary scaffolds, but only in case these won't be damaged thereby and made worthless for their original purpose.

Meissner does the construction of the basement according to Mr. Mohr's instructions, and Mr. Mohr makes him responsible for at least one year after the building is finished that the house won't have any tears or the place breaks down.

When the building is put up Meissner will pay Mr. Mohr half of the amount of the accomplished mason work, the other half is paid after all masonic works are finished on time and according to contract, including cleaning and jointing.

Michaelis of this year is the latest date when all mason works are to be finished, and the building is to be delivered. If this is not the case, the builder is entitled to have the building finished at Mr. Mohr's expense.

So done in Kummerfeld, April 17, 1843.

H. Mohr, Master Mason.

F.A. Meissner, Joachim Huijldorn, Georg Gerstenberg.

1 [M?] received on June 6 of this year. M. Mohr.

On 23 Oct. 40 [SS?] paid according to receipt.

On March 25th, 3o [SS?] received. Mohr.

According to agreement the remainder was paid by two loads of peat.

[LPM Note: This house was occupied by FAM, and later by his daughter Karoline who married Georg Gerstenberg. The house was still standing in Kummerfeld and was occupied by descendants of Karoline when Loren Meissner Jr. visited there about 1974.].

=

From: G.F. Meissner; To: F.A.M.

<T370> [Loose letter. FAM immigrated to America in 1845, probably after receiving this letter in Kummerfeld.].

From Uncle G.F. Meissner, Pirna, July 1, 1845.

To Friedrich Adolph Meissner, Kummerfeld uber Hamburg near Pinneberg,; Franco Hamburg.

Dear Nephew. It was known to me, that my brother Ernest Friedrich Meissner, who was minister in Schonbach, left two sons behind, also that you both are supposed to be in America, but now I heard from my niece Zimmermann in Spitzkummersdorf, that you are married in Kummerfeld, and your brother is working as a gardener near Hamburg. As you both never let anything hear about you, I would like to know now how you both are in every regard.

From us sisters and brothers Wilhelm Friedrich is still alive and the Pilliteno Caren [Is this an official position?-LPM] in Dresden, and also the widow Hg. Unruh lives now in Schneeberg. August Friedrich Meissner went to Teplitz several years ago to a cure to the 'Bad' [hot springs or spa], and died there of Cholera. My wife died already three years ago. I am alone, and have no children. Also I am no longer young, as I started my 77th year on the last Johannis [midsummer] day, but otherwise I am as well as if I were 30 years old. The niece [Karoline Christiane] Zimmermann must be regretted. She made a bad choice in her marriage. Her husband is a lazy, slovenly guy. My brother Karl Friedrich has died in Itterschen near Hamburg. He left a son who studied theology. He is supposed to live in Hamburg. Did you hear anything from him? Now I wish from my heart that you and your brother are doing well.

I recommend myself to you and your wife (which I don't know), and remain your.

Uncle Friedrich Gotthelf Meissner, who loves you.

Pirna, July 1, 1845.

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Rupert Day.

[First letter in book] <Written in English.> Mr. Rupert Day, Woodwardsville, Essex Co., N.Y.

West Barnstable Jan 17, 1847.

I ame waiting for som letters from Germane who will be directet to Woodwardsville, please tell the postmaster to send him to West Barnstable Mass wher i living now. I have a very good farm of 50 achers all level no stones, and good soil, i have a good pair oxen and four excellent cows. I planted two acres corn one acre Potatoes and seedet three acres buckwheat, there is her a first rate market every produce sells for cash, hay for 15$ at the barn, butter 25 cts and so vegetabilien and everything. Whe living close on the road where the stage from Boston passe four times a day.

As we like the country so mutch we dont like the people as well as to Woodwardsville and talken oft from you and all our friends there please tell him all our best respect. I hope you will give me a answer lat me know how it goes there is anny body commen to Mr. Mullers farm, if it is a german tell me his name and contry. Is Andrew Stivens gone?

The season is very mutch back her, i hope you and your family all well, my best respect to your father the old working man.

 

Agreement: Peter O. Muller and F.A.M.

<T382> [Loose document.].

12 April 1843.

The rental contract between Peter O. Muller in New York and F.A. Meissner in Woodwardsville, Essex County, N.Y. dated Nov. 5, 1845, has been terminated under the following conditions as of today:

F.A. Meissner returns the rented farm, which is in Essex [County], with the improvements, stocks, and inventory listed in Attachment A, to Peter O. Muller and agrees to make no further demands to Peter O. Muller other than those that can be deducted from the said rental contract.

Peter O. Muller receives the furniture as well as the improvements, stocks, and inventory listed in Attachment A, which F.A. Meissner had rented, and declares hereby to have received his assets of $408.48 according to Attachment B, with interest. He receipts over the full amount and loses all demands to F.A. Meissner that could be deducted from the said rental contract.

The farm has to be vacated by F.A. Meissner by May 1, but has to be managed until this date with unselfish care for Mr. Peter O. Muller's interest.

 

Attachment A:

About three acres of cultivated land, in which 100 loads of dung were put in the year 1846.

An improved cow stable, which was also enclosed by a stone wall.

5,000 cubic feet of hay from which until May 1 the cattle will be fed.

4 tons of straw, more or less, some of which will be spread until May 1.

1 stack clover seeds, 50 bushels more or less.

All things there, 100 loads more or less.

Two cows; one black bull, two black ... [?]; three sheep; 18 hens & one cock; one dog and two cats.

One sled and box; one plow and two blades; one harrow; one harness; two yokes; two halters; one stirring wheel; one butt with ... [?]; one barn ladder; two flails; one stone fork; one bush ... [?]; four rakes; one basket for carrying things; five sacks.

<T383> One hay tree; two heuray [harrow?]; two hay forks; one scythe; one sickle; one grindstone; one honey wagon; two brushes; one curry comb; three curry combs for the cow; one rope; three pig bowls; one ... [?]; one iron rake; two potato rakes; four sowing boxes; one stretcher; one garden ... [?]; one axe; one hatchet; one saw; one saw stand; one ... [?]; three ropes; one iron ... [?]; one chisel; one drill; two nail drills; one hole drill; one measuring stick; one drilling bench; one ... [?]; one grindstone with two ... [?]; three boxes of iron nails; one milk pail; eight milk cans; one milking stool; one cream spoon; one ... [?]; three bill books.

One table; seven chairs; three benches; one washstand & bench; one washbowl; three meat tons [?]; four meat bowls; four ... [?]; eight bottles; one copper teakettle; two metal scales; two metal pots; one metal pan; one basket; one stovepipe five yards long; one big boiler; one water pail; four beds; two mousetraps.

Attachment B:

1845: Nov. 5: beer [?] $150; Nov. 16: one [?] $9; Febr. 32 [1846?] 32 tons of hay, Micks [?].

1846: Jan 16: hay straw micks [?] $42.76; April 6: {?} $150; April 12: Radcliff $12.67; Dec. 30: from the same $25.05.

1847: March 13, wood to 24,000 shingles: $3

New York, April 12, 1847, $408.48

F.A. Meissner; Mr. Peter O. Muller

=

From: Doris Sennewald; To: F.A.M.

<T371> [Loose letter. After living for "one summer and two winters " in upstate New York, FAM went to make arrangements for moving to Mass. William, the oldest son of Doris, went with him.]

From "Doris Meissner," Johanna Friedericka Doris Runtzler Sennewald, b. abt 1812? To: Mr. F.A. Meissner, care of Mr. Walter, n. 154 Wall St., New York City. Care of W. Peter Muller, Importing Merchant, William Street, N.J.

Woodwardsville, April 16, 1847.

Dear sweet, good Father. In my thoughts I often give you a kiss, and more than one. If I say 100, I don't say a lie. Only the thought of embracing you soon in my arms can soothe my sorrow. So far I was unable to sleep yet any night in peace, because I cannot have you in my arms. It is a great reassurance for me to know you are all healthy and happy. My dear good Papa, the children, and I speak the whole day of you. Now you must know that I wrote every day something to you, dear sweet man. Boredom or impatience or-I don't know how to name it-force me every day to write, but maybe if I would know how you are I would not be so uncertain. You cannot imagine what is always spoken here, one says we'll go to N.Y., the other: "We are ready for Europe.."

The weather is very changeable: Tuesday, the 6th: snow, hail, and rain. Friday, the 9th: bright sunshine. Saturday, 10th: awful snowstorm, so vehement, that we always think the house breaks down. Sunday, the 11th: it froze very hard, and around noon the sun came out. I have to tell you about our domestic life: we get up at five in the morning, feed the cows, Henry brushes the calves, and I do the same with the cows. My chickens are lazy, sometimes one, two, five eggs is the most we get.

Mr. Tortsch offered me his chickens; he sold already his cows, calves, and oxen.

On the 12th: we got again snow, and had to dig our way out to get to the stables. On the 13th: hard frost. Sun around noon which thawed a little bit. <T372> On the 14th: beautiful sunshine. Around four or five o'clock in the morning Trina got a cow [heifer-LPM] calf. We cleaned out the stable, and tied it there. I nearly entirely forgot that our little pig died on the 13th in the morning. All our care was in vain. It was all well till Sunday. When I called for it, it came running at once. Monday morning its legs were stiff, and so it was unable to walk any more.

Dear sweet Papa! You maybe wonder over my mixture. When I get impatient with my work I sit down and write a few lines, in order to talk to you for a few moments.

On the 15th: hard frost, also on the 16th. This morning old Mr. Day visited us, and said he could not remember in his 73 years that there was ever snow at this time of the year as now.

My dear good Papa. I received your letter on the 16th. You write that they want to have us all. That is sure good, but I think you will know best how it is there, and whether it will be best for us, to get land or not. If you won't get any it might be as well as good. Do what you think best. Maybe we can plant potatoes.

Give William the regards of us all. The children greet and kiss you. You wrote to kiss the children from you. I did it but your Henry did not want to. I am so happy that you are well-if I could only believe it. We are-God be thanked-also all well, only the food won't taste right to me.

Well, Papa, farewell, and don't forget to love your Doris.

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Christian Schmidt.

<T1> To:Mr. Christian Schmidt, Lower Red Hook, Dutchess Co, and N.Y.

West Barnstable, May 27, 1847.

Dear friend. You must not be mad at me, that I did not write yet to you about our new home, or better, "working-place," (as we are here on this earth to work. One has to work his whole life in order to live, until everything is finally over. When I was still at home I made plans and plans, but now I see only the little success, that arose from them.).

We arrived here finally May 15 after a long and hard journey, and had-as you can imagine-a lot to work. We have about two acres wheat, one acre planted with potatoes, and nine acres with different kinds of lentils sowed on them.

I am very satisfied with the farm, and it is the best in the whole neighborhood. Altogether there are about 50 acres, 16 of which are meadows bordering the garden. They are divided into parts with three to five acres each. The soil is mostly loam without any stones. In the distance-from a low sand hill one can see the ships in the ocean going by, and the stage from Boston passes by our garden four times a day. I have two good oxen and four wonderful cows. The prices are excellent here; butter costs 21 to 28 cents per lb., hay $15 per ton, and so do potatoes and vegetables. Otherwise the region is very poor and has much in common with the "Luneburger Heide" (Luneburg Heath). It does not even produce enough corn [grain?-LPM] for their own need-and corn is about the only thing which is raised here. The people here are over smart, and at the same time are so stupid. When I arrived here I was overwhelmed by their advice and good tips, and now they nearly ruin my field and run out there all the time in order to see my wheat. But the greatest surprise of all is to them the fact, that my wife is working with me on the fields. The owner of our farm is the worst of all the <T2> bad people. He would bite his little finger off for money's sake, and he cheats where and whom he can, as I am told by people. He is right now in New York, and I hope he will not be around here too much.

In case you should once ever have difficulties with Mr. Radcliff (one never knows, you know!), our house is always open to you. You can take the railroad from Hudson to Boston. There you only have to cross the street and go to the 'Old Colony Railroad', and take a ticket to Sandwich. From there you can travel by the stage to our door.

Please give my regards to Mr. Radcliff, and tell him that I often thought of him when I thought of the high cost of living, and I was glad for him that he was so successful.

My wife and children send their regards also, and we all would be very happy if you could once come to us.

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Karoline Gerstenberg.

To Karoline Gerstenberg.

West Barnstable, Mass, August 1st, 1847.

I have received your letter, which I longed to see with impatience, and I saw from it that you went along with the fashion and got married. May your choice be a happy one.-I had always believed that a girl like Lina Meissner with such a beautiful house and business as I left to you, would get a husband with some money. Diligence and good will are not always sufficient. Your debts would have been paid up, and you would have had a carefree life. And your father would still have the hope of ever getting some land of his own and spend there his old days instead of always having to work for <T3> strange people. As easy as it is here to acquire land, one still needs always cash for it, and without money one can do nothing. I have changed my home this spring, and moved 400 miles closer to you. I only cultivate half of my farm. It is situated very near the ocean, and from a sand hill we can watch the ships go by in the distance.

We had a very bad time this spring: one box seed cost [?], and one box potatoes $1. I know very well that I owe Mr. Gatiens nothing, also I paid off Paul Schluter, but I cannot remember Heinrich Schluter any more. Through the change of my situation the amount of money I want of you has changed also. For this reason I enclose some lists, but you have to send it at any rate still this fall or else it will arrive too late. As I wrote you earlier-you have to send it to New York, from where I am going to have it picked up. At the same time you have to write me a letter, and tell me where to you sent it. In case a ship should go from Hamburg to Boston, you can send it with this one, as it would be much closer to me.

I wish you and your husband a happy life.

With greetings, Your Father.

I hope my letter may reach you while you are still well and healthy. I nearly passed away during the last hard heat wave. I have already mowed nine acres and have still to mow 11 acres of wheat, while I had to mow in Kummerfeld not even a small meadow myself.

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Christian Schmidt.

<T4> To:Mr. Christian Schmidt-Lower Red Hook, Dutchess Co, N.Y.

West Barnstable, Dec. 3, 1847.

You promised in your last letter to write to me again, as soon you would have received news from your mother. You must not yet have had this joy, as so far I have not heard from you again. We enjoyed hearing of the pleasure which your lover's letter caused, and we wish you from deep in our hearts that you may have the luck of embracing your lover 'in person.'.

So far the work was still always urgent, so that I often thought and sometimes spoke of you, but did not get around to write to you.

Besides me and my family, a Scotsman and a Dutchman are the only friends around here. The Scotsman has a young wife and no children yet, but expecting daily a newcomer. He has been a manager in his homeland. My boss brought him here last winter from New York, but they went along only for a month. He worked as a day laborer through summer, and now in the winter he got a very comfortable job with a rich widow, where he receives $12-1/2 dollars per month plus food. The Dutchman with his wife and little girl works for a Finn, who picked him up from the New York poorhouse last spring. He gives him food and 100 dollars, what is enough for the first year, as they speak no word English. Next year they will be able to get at least 50 dollars more.

You better hurry up and get yourself a wife. So you can start your own business, and you don't have to slave as you do now.

We have earned this summer not more but our food. This will you not surprise too much as you know how many mouths I have to feed, and we arrived only March 15th here. Everything I sowed and planted thrived quite well, only my potatoes were nearly all spoilt. I have sowed this autumn four acres barley and one acre wheat, and I hope to have some save money next year.

<T5> I could be satisfied with my present position if it would not be for the owner of the farm. He is such a wretched fellow, a hungry wolf in sheep skin, who always sneaks around and waits for an opportunity, but so far he could not find anything wrong yet.

We are all still well, and hope to hear soon the same from you.

Best wishes to you from my wife and children. F.A.M.

=

From: Doris Sennewald; To: Mr. Merkel.

To Mr. Master Weaver Merkel, Foreman in the Workhouse, Braunstra?e 44 in Hamburg.

West Barnstable, Mass., Jan 1848.

[from Doris Sennewald aka Mrs. F.A. Meissner.].

Dear Mr. M. As we still think so often of you and your dear wife, and talk about you, we cannot believe that you have already entirely forgotten about us, and we want to ask you through this letter to let us please know all about you. Are you still well? How are Franz, Ernst, Franziska, and Heinrich, and all the others, which arrived in the meantime, doing? Is the workhouse still as it was? Is Mr. Dietrich still alive? And Mr. Schmesel and Mr. Ludwig? How are Aunt Schmidt and husband, and Margraf with his young wife and children? By the way, I would like to ask your dear wife to do me a favor, and visit my sister Lina or Betty, and tell them how they can stand it to let me go for such a long time without news from them. We have written to them a year a go, and have not received an answer yet. Is that right? I would like to know, too, how Mrs. Geisger and her little Luise are doing? We have heard a lot about high prices and a famine in the inland. Did Hamburg have to suffer under it, too? -.

We are luckily all healthy and well. Henry had the bad luck to break both his legs the first summer. He had to stay in bed for seven weeks, but now he is entirely all-right again.

<T6> William did not grow very much in height, but he is very strong. He has worked already very nice this summer. Minna [Wilhelmine-LPM] has grown quite a bit, and Lons [Leonore-LPM] is still the fattest of them all.

When we arrived in America, we first went 250 miles north [from New York City-LPM] to a farm, cultivated, the land strong and the winter long. For this reason we could not find a liking to that place, and this spring we went again 400 miles to the southeast. Now we live on a small peninsula, close to the ocean, where the soil is better and the climate milder. We have rented a farm, where we all worked very hard last summer.

The children go now to school. They speak already English quite well; I also am doing pretty fine, and go along fine with it. The weather here is nearly the same as near Hamburg, only the summers are a little bit warmer. The main fruit here is corn [grain?-LPM]; wheat thrives also, barley, oats, and buckwheat. Potatoes were all spoilt last summer. Pumpkins are raised in big amounts for eating and feeding the pigs.

Best regards from all of us to you and your dear wife. Have a nice time and gratify us please soon by writing to us.

Your friends in America ...

... Although we did not make any more last year than what we needed for ourselves (we arrived here only May 15th), we hope very much to save some money this year. When we will have made enough money we want to go west and buy us a place of our own. There one can buy 80 acres of the finest and most fertile land for 100 dollars or 350 Mk, for what one has to pay only one to two [Mk?] taxes per year. In the place we are living right now the farms are as expensive as near Hamburg, but in return the market is excellent here, and everything can be changed to money.

[Continuation on page <T8>]: Life is here so different from that in Hamburg, that first I could not get used to it. The children, however, liked it from the beginning, and the fresh country air is doing good for their health. You would have a hard time recognizing them again as they have grown so much. William and Minna 5 feet 2 inches tall, Lons 4 feet 11-1/2 inches, and Henry 4 feet 8-1/2 inches. [End of insert].

== Dear Sisters!

You will receive these few lines through Mrs. Merkel which I asked to visit you and to let me know how you are doing, as I don't have received any answer to our letter yet. Have you already forgotten your sister? Let us please know how you are doing. We have moved to another place. So please address your letter, if you write, to F.A.M., West B., Mass.

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Christian Schmidt.

<T7> To Mr. Christian Schmidt, Red Hook, D. Co, N.Y.

West Barnstable, Jan 14, 1848.

Dear friend. I have received your dear letter, and I want to thank you very much for your friendly wishes towards the New Year. We are all well, and live very happy in the circle of our family. I want to wish you the same happiness of contentment at home. It is therefore my deepest wish and best advice for you, that you may get married very soon. But that is not easy to say. It all depends on good luck. The smartest one sometimes is cheated most. I read from your letter that you cannot make up your mind, and I can imagine very well how you must be feeling. In your last but one letter you were so happy to have received a letter from your girl from Germany, and now ? I don't know all the details about this but I can imagine that you wrote in your letter to your lover about your love and faith in her, and made her hope to become once your wife, and now ? You see no possibility to carry out this plan, and look for another friendship. But please imagine now how your fiancee must be feeling. She hopes and waits with true love for her Christian, and lets all her other good chances go by, and you already [have] another girl for a long time. Girls-that is for sure-are very often thoughtless, and the proverb goes,-out of the eyes, out of their thoughts, but there are enough examples, too, that they die of a broken heart. But for what reason should I make your heart still feel worse as it does already now. For your own happiness' and peace's sake I press myself into your secrets. Please listen to my advice: I believe you must still write to your bride again, and must tell her clearly by which way she can become your wife, and what you have to offer her. She is not the first bride who follows her groom. I myself have known two very pretty girls. The one of them followed her bridegroom to Texas and the other to South America. If she does not want to come you are free and don't have to make reproaches to yourself. If you want me to, I will write for you. Somebody else can often do it better. People in love write usually only about their love, and forget that a lot more than this belongs to the human life.

<T8> Did you not receive any letter from your mother, yet? You want to know whether you could find a job here. I am convinced, that-with or without wife-you would find an opportunity. The details cannot be decided in advance.

I have no use for Radcliff's farm as I have rented here for three years.

Best regards from my wife. We look forward to hear from you.

Your F.A.M.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Christian Schmidt.

To Mr. Christian Schmidt, Red Hook.

W.B. February 4, 1848.

Dear Friend! I have received your letter of Jan 16. You probably have received mine at about the same time. We all were glad over your decision to look for a job around here. Your wish has been mine one, too, since a long time. I have already some prospects, but nothing for certain yet. As much as I have heard about salaries: $12 per month for a whole year, or $16 for nine summer months are normal, in the last year even 18 and $20 were sometimes paid. Please write to me as soon as possible, whether you will be coming for sure, and for which price I shall make a contract for you. I will then have it announced in the newspaper, and I am sure to find a job for you, as the Germans have a good name around here.

I am in not as bad a situation as you as I have a family, but I still long very much for a friend. One can never trust the Yankees-they always keep you in their minds. Therefore, dear friend, put your decision into reality. My wife and my children are all very happy that you are going to be close to us. Please give me soon an answer.

Best regards.

Sincerely yours.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Karoline Gerstenberg.

<T9> To Karoline Gerstenberg, Kummerfeld near Hamburg [Not mailed!].

March first 1848.

Dear Lina! I received your letter of April 1847 in the beginning of July and I answered it in August. You promised to send me different kinds of seeds and as these are of great value to me, I am very sad to see my expectations deceived. I have to believe that you neglected your promise or that at least you tried successfully not to answer my letter. Therefore I will not address this letter to you and I hope for an answer soon (it is too late now for the seeds!) in order to get rid of this uncomfortable business.

I have changed my home as you will have saw from my last letter and my present address is: West Barnstable, Mass. I would like to hear from my brother as well as from old friends like Johann and Mr. Ulrich etc.

When I have recovered a little and will have a better footing here, I am sure to have the opportunity to make business with you, which could be advantageous for both parts. You could sell here all the things you could not get rid of at home, like fruit trees and berry bushes are rare here. If I am receiving a satisfactory answer soon I might put up a big order for the autumn.

Best wishes to your husband and to all my friends.

Your Father Reim. [??].

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From: F.A.M.; To: Johann Gottlieb Ullrich.

To Mr. Johann Gottlieb Ullrich in Ottsmarschen near Altona.

Dear Ullrich! The wish to hear from you and your family reminds me of my duty to write to you about how I am doing now and how I did in the past. First I want to ask you to forgive me for departing without saying goodbye to you and I am convinced, that you won't think bad of me when I remind you of my troublesome, even desperate situation at that time.

Our sea voyage was not too fast. It took us seven weeks. But we felt very lucky to cross the ocean with our old ship and to arrive at New York's harbor without accident, and the joy of entering the so longed for country made us quickly forget all the troubles with which such a journey is usually accompanied. N.Y. has grown a lot in the last years that it is nearly impossible to reach its end by foot. <T10> Hundreds of buses cover the main streets. Besides these, railway tracks in all directions with hourly trains are there, and on the streets are such masses of people that one who was used to move around in Hamburg still has to learn a lot here.

The stranger feels entirely lost in such a town and I claimed myself very lucky to be able to leave that town after a 14 day long stay. A salesman of N.Y. gave me the management of his farm 200 English miles towards the north. The farm consists in 1500 acres, divided into smaller parts, 200 to 300 acres of which are cleared, but the remains are still forests. I received $300 as working capital and the net profit of the farm (after expenses for our food and the farm were deducted) was supposed to be divided between me and the owner. This seemed to me a pretty good contract, but the situation and conditions planned it different. The region was too cold, the soil too strong, and the market too far away. Woodwardsville was cleared very much 20 to 30 years ago, but since that time people moved away, the huts declined, as their former inhabitants moved westward. I stayed there for one summer and two winters and I was very glad when I was could say good-bye to this place again.

I now live in a cultivated region in the state Massachusetts on a narrow peninsula, which you can find easily on the map south of Boston. Cape Cod is on account of the big fishing industry in its bay well known. In 1620 the Mayflower with the first Pilgrims (Puritans) (a religious sect) landed here. They first fled from England to Holland and then to America, and their descendants are still the only inhabitants of this region. The peninsula is so narrow that one can see from a low hill in its middle to the ocean at both sides, which are covered by fishing vessels all year round. The row of hills are covered with oaks. The southern bank has bad sandy soil, but has some nice fishing villages; the northern bank has the farm on which I am living right now. It has pretty good loamy soil and many marsh meadows, but which are outside the embankment and which are flooded by a high flood. The hay tastes salty and is of no great value. Otherwise are all agricultural products very expensive here, as very little is raised and the region is overpopulated for the fishing's sake. If the work would be not so expensive a farmer could easily become rich. A good farm of 50 acres <T11> has a value of 2500 to $3000 and is managed by the owner and a boy to help him. The women do nothing outside of the house; the man has even things to do like milking the cows and carrying wood and water into the house.

In springtime a lot of herrings come with the flood nearly to my door and in winter we catch in the ditches between the meadows. The main product here is corn [grain?-LPM]. I have four cows and two oxen and have to pay the half of everything I raise to the owner as lease. The milk of my cow and the vegetables I need are not included in this contract.

The state Massachusetts is one of the oldest, has generally only bad soil, and is known in the whole Union for sanctimony and has an ill repute. The moderation apostles have gone so far as to forbid brandy to be bought at any place. In the same manner wine and beer are prohibited and we have to drink water like our cattle-with the exception of clothes a farmer lives here much worse than in Germany. I heard that it is better in the West. One can buy there 40 acres of the best soil for only $50, but one still needs about $300 so that he can start out for himself.

Now, my dear Ullrich, please do me the favor and let me know very soon about you. Please send my regards to your sister, Madame Hasse and ask her in my name to write once to me. Please great my brother and Betty and tell them they should once write to me, too. Give them my address. I have written last summer to Kummerfeld, but I have received no answer yet. I know that Lina got married. How is business going?

Farewell and keep me as your friend in your memory.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Christian Schmidt.

To Mr. Christian Schmidt, Lower Red Hook, Dutchess Co, N.Y.

March 6, 1848.

Dear friend! My expectations to hear from you after my two long letters have been always disappointed (as often as I have asked at the post-office!) and I just cannot explain your long silence. We are already worried that something of bad luck might have happened to you. I have found for you a job, which is in my opinion very good. <T12> The work is easy and the payment about $150 per year and very secure; what the main point is. Canisius Barrat is one of the richest men of this region and the job is generally considered very good. He lives about five miles from my house in a little friendly town, Hyannis. Your job is to take care for a little garden; he does not have a farm. In such a job you can recover and find enough courage to master your life. I will be very happy to hear very soon from you that you will accept this job. I therefore look forward to your answer.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Senas D. Basset.

<Written in English.> Mr. Senas D. Basset Esq. Hyannis.

West Barnstable March 6, 48.

Sir. Mr. John Barker Crocker informed me you wanted to hire my friend and countryman Mr. C. Schmidt now at Red-Hook Dutchess Co., N.Y. I have written to him about it today and shall communicate his answer to you as soon as possible.

respectfully, your obedient servant.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Senas D. Basset.

<Written in English.> Mr. Senas D. Basset Esq. Hyannis.

West Barnstable March 18, 48.

Sir! It is not my fault that you have to wait as long for a answer, i only received a letter by the yesterdays mail of Mr. Schmidt, by who he wreite my that he agreet to stay som time longer by his master-.

If Mr. Crockers creditors take posess of his farm after the court held to Barnstable in the beginning of next month i shall be myself without employment and i should estimate me very happy to work for you, as i ame a gardener of profession i hope i should suit you.

Respectfully your obedient servant.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Christian Schmidt.

Mr. Christian Schmidt, Red Hook, D. Co, N.Y.

W.B. May 17, 1848.

Dear friend! Around the 6th of this month I wrote to you and told you that I found a job for you with a salary of approximately $150. In my opinion this is a very fine job. I waited for your immediate answer whether you were going to accept this offer or not, but 11 days have passed already since and I have heard nothing from you, yet. As I received no answer either to my last two letters I cannot explain your silence any more and therefore I am going to address this letter to the Postmaster of R.H. with the request to let me know whether you are still alive.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Mss. Martha & Abigail Crocker.

<Written in English.> To:Mss. Martha & Abigail Crocker by theirs attorney Mr. R.F. Crocker.

West Barnstable May 17, 1848.

Sir! I have the pleasure to hand you the account of boarding due to me by cancellation of the Knowen lease, and demand the value of, befor we proceed farther.

F.A. Meissner.

[bill shows $330.75 for board on trip and including 49 wks. six days @ $6; less $8 received May 10 1858].

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From: F.A.M.; To: Mss. Martha & Abigail Crocker.

<Written in English.> Petition to Mss. Martha & Abigail Crocker owners of a certain farm at West Barnstable, by their tenant F.A.M.

Honorable Ladies! The petitioner who rented your farm at Great-Marshes for three years, following the first of May 1847, by a agreement dated New York April 23 1847 arrived here with his family after a long and expensfull journey May 15 1847 and was put in posses of the farm by your brother Mr. R.F. Crocker as your attorney May 27, 1847.

-Notwithstanding the sowing time was past there was not work of any description done on your farm, the fences being down the cattle run at large over the hole promisse, the fields who has not received any manure in the last two years abundant with sorrel blackberry-vines and other briers.

-I began to work put as it was to late to do much for this season i worked for the following years. i understand very shoon that i has to do with a cold and sour soil, i layed my fields in ridges, ploughed three and four times to make the soil mellow and to enrich him by the influence of the atmosphere, i tok great care to make manure, for that purpose i fed all my hay what i could have sold to the cattle, i ditched the lower part of the orchard and carted the mud on the upper part, carted sand and clay, and clay on sand-soil, shortly, i dont worked like the common farmers in this country i used all the means of improved farming and all the help of my whole family, Ms. Meissner, two industrious boys and two girls (the later alone picket eight cart loads small stones up), we all worked steady and hard to accomplish our destiny.

One year has past, put on the very day as i was, one year ago, introduced to a wilderness, and the same farm who at this period could not support his laborer, shows a verry different view and promissed a tenfold increase.

If you will please to inspect your property you will find: near the house a small nice garden united with some other improvements, the fields will show you: four acres of Ry not surpassed on Cape-Cod, three acres of Oats, two acres of Corn, 1-1/2 acre with Potatoes, 3/4 acre prepared for Cabbage. The land has received 175 cartloads manure and from 30 to 40 loads more will be carted out in a few days.

Now i shall leave the farm leave all my work leave all my hope, after i expended my last cent for the support of my family and my self, at present where it is to late for a farmer, it is hard it is horrible!

-Why could i not stay to autumn if i may not stay till the expiration of my lease, it would by as well to your interest as to my own, perhaps Mr. Crocker calculates to have the harvest allone, but he will not be able to take care of the crops and you will lose more by waste as you will gain by this unfair way.

You may say we dont know anything about farming we commit the hole business to our brother, but he acts in your name, you will be, if not lawful but moral, answerable to his deeds, if you know that he is in your name to deprive a family of her earnings and dont hinder it you will be guilty your self.

But I shall never belief that you will consent to my ruin i ame told that you both very noble-minded ladies i pray to you let me remain to the first of November next let me have the harvest of my seeds the earnings of my labor. I shall I will not despair, if humanity is expired in som mens breast, she is preserved in females bosom.

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From: F.A.M.; To: John Percival.

<Written in English.> Commander John Percival Dorchester Mass. [Note: Captain Percival appears in US naval history. A series of USN ships has been named for him.-LPM.].

W.B. May 28 [1848].

Sir! Only for a moment i had the honor to see you last summer by your visit at Mrs. Crockers farm, i ame a stranger in this country, but i feel confidence to you and take the liberty to pray you to further the enclosed petition to Mrs. Martha Crocker, and if it is not against your principle to support its desire. Mr. R.F. Crocker lead by som notion or by som bad consellors want to drive me of, against his one intereste, and you will act as well to his and his sisters profit if you can make understanding him his error, by this you will oblige a family who hope to you as to a father and will thank you as children.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Mss. Martha & Abigail Crocker.

<Written in English.> To Mss. Martha & Abigail Crocker by theirs attorney Mr. R.F. Crocker.

Sir! I hereby give you notice that i shall not deliver up to you the thirteenth day of June next as requested by you that farm of which i ame in possession by a lease for three years following the first of May 1847, because you have not at present fulfilled the determination of the agreement to cancel this lease.-.

i reserve all my rights given to me by contract under Law but i ame very willingly to settle differences by mutual agreement.

I handed to you account of boarding som time ago of which account i annex a Copie West Barnstable June 6 1848 [Here intervenes an inquiry about some seeds shipped from Germany-LPM.].

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From: F.A.M.; To: Ms. Martha Crocker.

<Written in English.> Ms. Martha Crocker, Boston.

W.B. June 19 1848.

I wrote a letter of petition to you dated May 28 which I am assured was delivered to you by Mrs. Percival, but all my hope of relief from you has been in vain. I have not received an answer. Your brother acts like a devil or insane in your name and if you don't hasten he will succide and blame your honor and wound your heart. I wish to know if you will grant my petition to stay until the harvest is done. I ame unable to writt any more, my mind is as much agitated that i ame sick and confined to bed, so Mrs. Meissner.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Capt. John Percival.

<Written in English.> Capt. John Percival Dorchester Mass.

W.B. June 19 [1848].

Sir, The kind answer of my letter to you, by Mrs. Percival make me belief that you will have the goodness to direct this letter to Mrs. Martha Crocker. As you will understand my situation you will excuse the trouble made by me to you.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Capt. John Percival.

<Written in English.> Capt. John Percival Dorchester Mass.

W.B. July 4, 48.

Dear Sir. Your letter, i recived, was a great joy for me my wife and childern, as you was [ill] we feeled much uneasy for your health, and are very glad now to see that you got better.

Your promiss to assist me to buy a farm i accept with a warm thankful heart, and as much as i know my self you shall not be decived, and if not great misfortune should happenen you shall not runn a great risk. Neither of this farms you mentioned to me will suit me very well, the price is to high and the territory to small, i ame most sure bitwin here and auttum to find a place what i shall call a good farm for about 1000 dollars, i want a good soil and as much land to keep a team and som other stock to make manure, i ame not anxious that i shall not prosper, Barnstable is such a good place for farming as i know any where, all produce sell high and som of the soil is productif if worked well, if you help me to the first, the soil, i with my family shall furnish the last, the work, and i ame sure that i shall be able to make a living and to pay interest for the capital, perhaps the first 2-3 years will go a little hard, because every farm you can buy cheap is in a poor condition but i am not affrayed i shall go over that. I feel very happy in my mind an mak calculationen for the best conduct of my farm in hope.

I have looked at a farm who will be sold at auction for debt in course of this summer, he is situated on Hay-Pond four miles from this place and five miles from Sandwich, thereon is a small dwelling house, a good barn and about 100 acre land, including 40 acres Woodland, the soil is good as the Weeds show who grow on, and a small orchard beared last year 30 bu. apples. It is supposed that this farm will sell very cheap. Besides this farm i have som other farms in view and shall tell you about as schoon as i know particulars.

Your good information about going to sea has cured my William perfectly, he works contented by our landlord Mr. Fish for boarding and seven dollar a month, Wilhelmine is very happy by Mrs. Bunsby, Leonore is by Mr. Nathan Schmidt, so my housekeeping is small, and i got my children all close by and see him every day.

I shall follow strict your advice about speaking my views to others, this place is a great place for tales. My wife and children greet you heartily. We dont know how we shall thank you, but you will understand our feelings, accept the best wishes for you and your Mistress happiness from.

Your obedient servant.

F.A.M.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Capt. John Percival.

<Written in English.> Capt. John Percival Dorchester Mass.

22 Aug 1848 [excerpt].

... Or should you advise me to go west? Perhaps 300 Dollars there would do as well as $1000 here, but by this I should lose many things I have procured this summer for my household.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Dr. Robert Wesselhoft.

<T12, cont.> To Mr. Robert Wesselhoft, Dr.-Brattleboro, Windham Co, Vermont.

W.B. August 24, 1848.

About Sep 21st 1846 I took up my courage to introduce myself to you by letter. I lived at that time still in Woodwardsville, Essex Co, N.Y. Your friendly answer was a true holiday for me and my family. One can only imagine this feeling, who has lived in this country in such a wilderness, where only unknown sounds hit his ears and his few neighbors are unfeeling, selfish people. I did not believe I could follow your advice and go west. Therefore I traveled to N.Y. in the spring of 1847 to look around for a job as a gardener. Here I got to know Betine Crocker, who rented his farm-situated in West Barnstable, Mass.-to me for three years. I picked up my family and arrived here after a long and hard journey. This place is on a narrow peninsula. <T13> One can see the ocean to both sides from a row of sand hills situated in the middle. These hills look alike to the "Luneburger Heide." The northern bank, however, has partly very good soil and a lot of salt meadow. People are generally more egoistic and selfish than anywhere else, at the same time sanctimonious and false.

The farm I rented is one of the best around here, although very neglected. Betine Crocker is a cheat, however, who always travels to N.Y., hires there immigrants, has them work for some time for him and cheats them for their salary with the help of the law. A letter of a German girl, who has a good name among all the neighbors, asks: is there no way at all how to get rid of this beast? He transferred his property to his two unmarried sisters. His creditors in N.Y. brought an action against him since years, which attacks the transfer as fraud. But he succeeds always in getting free through bribery.

The corruptibility and injustice of the law courts here in this state surpass all limits, so that it is impossible for somebody without means to get his rights. If one reads besides this in the newspapers all the quarrels and accusations of the opposite candidates for the election of president, so one cannot lose the thought that the American liberty is still far from its goal.

This summer-after the farm was worked up and taken care for and we were filled with hope for a good crop, Crocker started a row with me and I thought myself lucky to escape his hands by a meager comparison [compensation?-LPM] (settlement). But at this occasion I made the acquaintance of his uncle, Capt. John Percival, U.S. Navy, Boston, and I seemed to have won more through this than to have lost otherwise. This old honest gentleman did not shy at the trouble to make a trip from Boston down here to W.B. to help me against his nephew. He writes (among other things). : "I believe in the integrity of the Germans."-he promises me to help me buy a farm: I will make the arrangement for the payments. You will ask the question of yourself why does the Captain take so much interest in me? It is this: "You have been wronged by a relation of mine. I don't want anything from you, Mr. Meissner, direct or indirect. If there is anything it is to show to the world I did not misplace confidence <T14> in the stranger and I must show the world I did not act or was influenced by selfish motives or self interest." -.

But now to the main problem of this letter: my oldest daughter, a girl of 14, had had her first monthly period nine weeks ago, but only weakly, after this it did not occur any more. After this she suffered often under nose-bleeding, since eight days she feels very sick. It started with nausea, vomiting, and headaches, which passed quite well after the use of some Schuler tea. She has, however, still continually a stomach ache, sometimes weaker, sometimes harder, she looks very pale, is tired and helpless, has no appetite, and is in a bad mood. The tongue seems to be all right and obviously she has no fever. The doctors around here seem all to be only quacks. I am very worried about my daughter's health and my wife joins me in my request to you to give us your kind advice and help. Should you prescribe something, so could I have it made in Boston, for which you maybe can recommend a drugstore to me. If I could not imagine that your affairs are very urgent at this time of the year I would like to add a second request, namely: whether you could write some grateful lines to Capt. Percival for his noble behavior. -.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Capt. John Percival.

<Written in English.> Capt. John Percival Dorchester Mass.

16 Oct 1848 [excerpt].

... Before you buy a place for me I wish to tell as I told you before, that I could not work a farm with success unless I could have the necessary stock or inventory.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Capt. John Percival.

<Written in English.> Capt. John Percival Dorchester Mass.

7 Nov 1848 [excerpt].

... I have got this morning the resolution of Henry Lawrenz that he will sell to me Beckers Neck for $1250 payable as you proposed.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Karoline Gerstenberg.

<T14, cont.> To Karoline Gerstenberg in Kummerfeld near Hamburg, Germany Nov 7, 1848, West Barnstable, Mass., N.A.

I answered your letter, in which you informed me about your marriage on August 1st 1847 and I told you that we moved to another place. You don't seem to have this letter of mine received, as your letter dated Nov. 28, 47, which I received only in May of this year, was still addressed to Woodwardsville. You wrote me in your letter that you mailed to me a barrel with seeds, which I have not received so far and I could not either find out anything about it, although I wrote already several times to N.Y. about it. I would have written a lot earlier to you, but I was never sure where I would be the next day. Your worry about us is unnecessary, because here there is nothing-even the emperor has no power.

<T15> If you have received a receipt by Slomann after having given him the barrel with the seeds and if you can write to me, by which ship and at what time you mailed them and to whom in N.Y. they were addressed to-I still might be able to find out about them. Otherwise they are surely lost. I expect your answer with the next steamboat so that I can still use the seeds next spring or else they have lost all of their value to me. The interest you owe me is 121 [S?]. I would like to know very much, how high our bill is and I ask you to let me know about it. I would like it best if you could pay me the capital. I thought earlier to make it easier for you and accept at least part of the money in goods, but the two attempts I tried took all my interest away. But still I would like to give it another try next autumn but only if you have the will of doing it promptly and well. I look forward with desire to your next letter, in which I hope to hear the news, how you are feeling, what your little son is doing, and whether you are happy in your new state. I was ailing nearly all summer long, but now I feel better, since the weather is cooler.

Address your letter to W.B., Mass., North America and write underneath "by Bremen steamer." So much for now.

Regards to your husband and to all good friends.

Your father.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Capt. John Percival.

<Written in English.> Capt. John Percival Dorchester Mass.

12 Nov 1848 [excerpt].

... I confess that the price for Beckers Neck is pretty high but this place has a great many facilities for improvements as it was clearly understood between us before, and I thought as it was your early home it would be some satisfaction to you, to see it flourishing again, and by this I would be enabled to give you some reward for your kindness bestowed upon me.

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From: Capt. John Percival; To: Mr. Marsten.

<Written in English.> [Memorandum for Mr. Meissner to take to Mr. Marsten: ].

... If Mr. Meissner can be let off from the bargain with H. Lawrence and freed from prosecution for any damages for fifty dollars, I will send a check to your order for the same ... take the deeds of the Whitman place in Meissner's name if you see no objections. I see none, his being an alien will not affect the right of my money.... Percival.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Secretary of the German Company in N.Y.

<T15, cont.> To the Secretary of the German Company in N.Y.

W.B. Jan 8, 1849.

Dear Sir! Mr. Whitman, the writer of that letter [enclosed?-LPM], my neighbor, is a wealthy and respected farmer with wife and four children, who has showed himself towards me very pleasing and unselfish (a virtue which is rare with the Yankees). For this reason I would be very happy if his wish (described followingly!) could be fulfilled. I think it to be a very good opportunity for a fellow countryman just recently arrived here to get to know the language and customs of this country. The salary-to be sure-is not to high, but in boarding here washing and mending is included and Mr. Whitman is willing to raise the salary according to the work next year. The Germans are very highly respected here, and I dare to ask you to consider this when you select a subject for this job. The route of the journey is as follows: To Fall River by steamboat, there from to Middleboro by train, from there by Cape Cod Branch R.R. to Sandwich and from there by stage to West Barnstable.

<T16> My house is close to the road, only six miles distance from the next village, where it is best for the young man to get off and it will be a pleasure to me to introduce him to Mr. Whitman.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Christian Schmidt.

Mr. Christian Schmidt, Lower Red Hook, N.Y.

W.B. Jan 8, 1849.

Dear friend! You have neither filled your promise and visited us last fall nor have you let us know a single word about you. You can make us no greater joy than to make up for both of these things.

We have had a lot of trouble last autumn and after that I was always ailing but everything got better again and we are all well again and have started the new year with merry hopes and plans. Through the support of a wealthy friend I now have my own farm and I am very happy about it. If this letter will reach you well and healthy, what we all hope for, so please come as soon as possible and visit us.

Best regards from my wife and children. Your friend.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Capt. John Percival.

<Written in English.> Capt. John Percival Dorchester Mass.

26 Jan 1849 [excerpt].

... People thinks the Whitman farm it too good for me and too cheap for you, and by some influence Mr. Whitman has backed out. I shall immediately take possession of Beckers Neck, and I shall have there less envy and more honor.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Secretary of the German company in N.Y.

<T16, cont.> To the Secretary of the German company in N.Y.

West Barnstable, Jan 29, 1849.

Dear Sir! Around the 8th of this month my friend and neighbor Jonas Whitman wrote to you and informed you about his wish to employ a young German, age 17 or older and to give him for this year, that is from the time of his start till next January, a salary of $50 and boarding; and besides that to give him $5 traveling expenses. I accompanied this letter with a postscript saying that I know the Whitman family very well and that I believed this job to be very acceptable. I should be very surprised, that-if you received my letter-you should not have found a fitting subject for this job, as I know from own experience how lonely and helpless an immigrant feels-unaccustomed to the conditions here-and how he is longing for a desirable and secure place. Mr. Whitman asks at any rate for a speedy answer that he knows what to do. In case the ticket should cause difficulties there are ways to move these out of the way or in case you want more details, you can have all you want.-Respectfully.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Christian Schmidt.

To Mr. Christian Schmidt, Red Hook.

W.B. February 4, 1849.

Dear friend! We have received your letter dated Jan 21 and have read it with great joy. It has been very cold here, too <T17> but I think not as cold as at your place. I was at Boston, when it was coldest, but I found it no trouble traveling, as the R.C. are heated.

Our farm does not have more than 27 acres, partly marshes, and is situated close to the big road, which is of greater value still to me as I think of raising mostly vegetables. It has a nice house; however, no barn. It costs $1250.00. I wish you would decide to settle down around here. I would not go back to the wilderness at any price. I can show to you a very inexpensive farm, which I would rather have taken than my own one-if I would have had free choice. It has besides 100 acre land with house and barn enough wood for your own need and could be probably bought for $500. This farm is ideal for sheep raising, which needs only little work and is very profitable around here. Sheep can be easily sold for $2.00 apiece and the sheep here have usually two lambs. If you would have enough money to buy the inventory, the cost price could be paid in payments. There is still another precious farm in the same condition as mine with the best soil for sale for $1800.00. I wish you would visit us and I am sure you will like it here. We paid $3.33 per person from Albany to Boston, and from Boston the Cape Cod Branch R.R. gets you to Sandwich for $1.50. From Sandwich to West Barnstable are only six miles, which I go usually by foot, or by stage for 50 cents. From N.Y. you go by steamer to Fall River, from there by R.R.C. to S. (namely first by C. to Boston till Middleboro, from there by Cape Cod C. to Sandwich. This last route should be a little cheaper.).

My children have grown a lot in the last years. They all look forward to your visit. Has Mr. Radcliff married a rich wife? Do you know some news about Woodwardsville? But you are supposed to tell us all this when you will visit us.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Capt. John Percival.

<Written in English.> Capt. John Percival Dorchester Mass.

6 Feb 1849 [excerpt].

... I feel much sorry, as your writing shows you are still unwell, to trouble you with business, and if I was not driven to by necessity I should not do so;.

-- my cow is dryed up ... you was willing to assist me with $150 more in getting under way, if you would please to send me about $50.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Christian Schmidt.

<T17, cont.> To Mr. Christian Schmidt, Red Hook.

W.B. March 25, 1849.

Dear Friend! I answered your letter dated Jan. 21 on February 4, but so far our hopes are unfilled to see you at our house. Besides that we did not hear anything more from you. In case you have to give up the hope to visit us, I will pay back my small debt to you (which I planned to give to you when you came), as soon as I am sure that you receive my letters safely.

Best regards from us all.

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From: F.A.M.; To: City Law-Court of Pirna.

<T18> [I.T. ?] To the City Law-Court of Pirna in the Kingdom of Saxony, Germany.

W.B. Mass. North-America.

I have been informed by my daughter's letter, dated Kummerfeld February 12, 1849, that my Uncle Friedr. Gotthelf Meissner in Pirna passed away, further on that a respectable Court of Law in Pirna visited the heirs and that on account of the Pirnaberger Authorities a curator was put up. For what use this unnecessary procedure was done I cannot understand, as the best and shortest way in my opinion is to inform us by letter.

My father was Ernst Friedrich Meissner, minister in Schonbach and a brother of the late Fr. G. Meissner [actually, a half-brother-LPM]. I have another brother Karl Friedrich, who, according to his letter (dated April 2, 1848) is still alive at present time and feeling well and is staying with Mr. de Ray in Utersen near Altona as gardener.

I take the liberty of asking your Honor very politely to put up an honest man, to whom I can give my authority, and I leave it to your judgement to find such a suitable one whom I safely can trust with my share of the inheritance and who will not waste it by unnecessary payments and unimportant things.

In case a certificate as it is used here should not be sufficient and something special should be mentioned on it, I ask your Honor to have the goodness of letting me know about it.

I would like also to bring to your attention the case for the interests of my brother and my cousin Karoline Zimmermann, formerly Moser. Grant me the permission to assure you my deepest respect.

Obediently ...

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From: F.A.M.; To: Karl Friedrich Meissner.

Karl Friedrich Meissner, in Utersen near Altona.

Dear Karl! I have received your letter of April 2nd 48, which you sent with Ulr. de Ray's letter and I was very happy to read that you are well. I have received a letter from Lina [daughter Karoline-LPM] some days ago, where she informed me (among other things) that our Uncle Friedr. Gotthelf Meissner in Pirna passed away and that the Court of Law visited the heirs. I thought if this would be the case you would have written this at least to me. Please let me know more about this, but please soon, whether you gave authority to someone, and to whom, and how much the inheritance might be. Are you still fine? How are Wilhelm and Marie? Please greet them and Betty from me.

<T19> Please ask Betty to ask Ullrich whether he has received my letter for Lina. I have moved again and fought so far against many troubles and was always ailing. But my future looks better now and with it my health, too.

Farewell and write soon to your.

Brother.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Johann Gottlieb Ullrich.

Mr. Johann Gottlieb Ullrich in Ottsmarschen near Altona.

Dear Ullrich! Did you receive my letter through Lina? Please answer me soon and let me know more, how everything is going in Kummerfeld, whether the smart people put now so much money back as I was supposed to do. As I heard, Mr. Parker is living on a farm now and you with him.

Best wishes your ...

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From: F.A.M.; To: Capt. John Percival.

<Written in English.> Capt. John Percival Dorchester Mass.

20 May 1849 [excerpt].

I still have pasture for one more cow which I wish to buy and probably will cost $30, so if it was possible I should like to have $50.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Capt. John Percival.

<Written in English.> Capt. John Percival Dorchester Mass.

30 May 1849 [excerpt].

I wish you would please to send me some money as I hardly know to get long any further without.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Capt. John Percival.

<Written in English.> Capt. John Percival Dorchester Mass.

10 Jun 1849 [excerpt].

I received your generous presents ... I am in want of a grindstone ... My radishes sell well in Sandwich. Henry has carried up 20 bushels to date and sold already for $200.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Karl Friedrich.

<T19, cont.> Power of Attorney to Certificate for Mr. Karl Friedrich in Pirna.

W.B. Sept 4, 1849.

To all concerned:I, Friedrich Adolph Meissner, born in Schonbach in the Oberlausitz, later land owner in Kummerfeld in the Pirnaberg territory in Holstein, now living in West Barnstable in the County of Barnstable, State of Massachusetts, North America, hereby choose and give authority to the advocate Mr. Karl Friedrich in Pirna in the Kingdom of Saxony: to be my true and complete and legal manager in order to take care for my share of the inheritance of my late uncle, the merchant Friedrich Gotthelf Meissner, in my name and for me and for my profit alone.

And for this purpose (see above!) I hereby give full power to my mentioned manager to collect my inheritance, to sell land of my inheritance, to collect the cost price, to pay off mortgages, to make comparisons, to accept money out of the inheritance, to give receipts for accomplished work and to all other chores, which seem to be necessary and useful to my mentioned manager in order to do his duty as my manager-as complete and fully as I would have done all this myself, if I would be personally present. And I confess myself responsible to all deeds done according to this contract.

As a corroboration of this contract I have written all this by my own hand and signed and sealed.

Sept 4, 1849.

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From: F.A.M.; To: City Judge Hering.

<T20> Mr. City Judge Hering in Pirna.

W.B. Sept 12, 1849.

I have received your pleasant letter of June 14, 1849 and have chosen among the two from you to me recommended gentlemen Karl Friedrich as my manager, as he is already the candidate for my brother's affairs and I hope to simplify this affair by doing so. I want to say my deepest thankfulness to you for your kindly given information.

With respect ...

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From: F.A.M.; To: Karl Friedrich.

Mr. Advocate Karl Friedrich in Pirna.

W.B. Sept 12 1849.

You have been recommended to me by Mr. City Judge Hering as my manager and as you have already my brother's authority in this affair, and so I gladly put into your hands the care of my interests also, as this affair can be simplified by doing so. I hope the enclosed certificate may be sufficient. I had to translate it from English according to a pattern used here and I am not sure to have always used the right expressions, but it is done validly according to the laws here. I am convinced that you will accept the business trusted to you and will take best care for my interests.

I beseech you to give me an account of my inheritance in your expected letter and how big or small my legal share would be and also how soon I could expect some-partly-money from it.

I would like to know very much who among my relatives is still alive and is also included in the inheritance.

I ask you please for a speedy reply of my questions.

Very sincerely yours ...

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From: F.A.M.; To: Karoline Christine Zimmermann.

To Karoline Christine Zimmermann in Spitzkummersdorf near Aderwitz [?] in the Kingdom of Saxony.

W.B. Sept 12 1849.

Dear Karoline! Once ago I have already written to you from this far-away country, but have not received an answer yet.

The last thing I heard from you was a letter which was sent to me about three years ago from Kummerfeld and in which you wrote that your husband froze his feet.

I have received the news about the death of our Uncle Friedrich Gotthelf Meissner and I hope and wish that the improvement <T21> of your conditions (caused by your share of the inheritance) might not come too late and you may still enjoy it with excellent health.

I am now four years in America and I have had-to be sure-some troubles during this time, but at least not for food and I am feeling quite well. I hope-if you are still alive and well-that you will answer my letter and let me know some more details about the inheritance, who your manager is and so on, how much we might expect out of it and whether you received already something.

We suffer this summer around here very much under dryness and you have to suffer still worse evils as I can see from the newspapers. I have a nice farm, a pretty house and garden, horses and cows and nothing would cause me more joy than to be able to see [you?] still once around me.

Send my regards to your husband and children and gratify me soon by your letter.

Your loving cousin, F.A. Meissner.

In W.B.-Mass., N.A.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Karl Friedrich:

Post Script to Mr. Karl Friedrich:

In order to remove any doubt about my identity I enclose my passport issued by the royal Government in Pinneberg, and if this should not be sufficient, please write to Mr. Judge Advocate Kirchhof in America, who possesses a lot of valid bills of mine and where you can easily get a sample of my handwriting for comparison. But I believe this will not be necessary.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Capt. John Percival.

<Written in English.> Capt. John Percival Dorchester Mass.

30 Oct 1849 [excerpt].

I have a fine stock of cattels as any farmer in Great Marshes ... but I have no Stable to shelter him for the rough winter ... I dont know where else to call for a barn and I hope by your help I shall have one ... for $200.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Capt. John Percival.

<Written in English.> Capt. John Percival Dorchester Mass.

12 Nov 1849 [excerpt].

I didn't know that you were sick ... I shall try to provide some temporary shelter ... with about $25 to buy boards.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Capt. John Percival.

<Written in English.> Capt. John Percival Dorchester Mass.

30 Dec 1849 [excerpt].

My harvest on this place I value ... at $40.50 ... the land will in due time produce crops worth $300 ... the first two years I shall have a hard bargain to make a living, but I shall not lose courage.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Publisher of New York Democrat.

<T21, cont.> To the Publisher of the New Yorker Democrat Newspaper, printed in the German language at N.Y. City W.B. Jan 14 1850.

Dear Sir! In case there should still exist a German newspaper with name (mentioned above!) and this letter should reach the hands of the publisher, I would ask you to have a specimen copy sent to me in order to enable me to find out about the price and the right address and to make my decision afterwards. In expectation to have my request granted,.

I remain, respectfully ...

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From: William Meissner; To: F.A.M. and Doris Meissner.

<T374> From William Meissner (Sennewald) [Loose letter.].

Dorchester, Jan 21, 1850.

Dear Father and Mother! I have arrived in Dorchester.

[Page 374 continued below:see Sept 15 1850.].

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From: William Meissner; To: F.A.M. and Doris Meissner.

<T373> From William Meissner (Sennewald) [Loose letter.].

Address:Mr. F.A. Meissner, West Barnstable.

Dorchester, Jan 22, 1850.

Dear Father and Mother! I came Monday evening to Capt. Percival's house and found him in a good mood. The first thing he said was that he wrote already a letter to me and invited me to his house, because the ship has to be unloaded still and will start to be loaded again on the 22.

On the next morning he wanted to go with me to the ship owners which we wanted to see and who live in Boston. When we arrived there they were introduced to me. Then I was asked whether I was healthy and how old I was. [Born 24 Feb 1832; almost 18-LPM.] Then we talked for a while and then they asked me whether I wanted to see the ship and I said yes. Then Capt. Percival went with me to the ship. There we also met the ship's captain who seems to be a nice man judging by his looks.

Capt. Percival asked me whether I was naturalized. I said no. Then he said he wanted to go with me and have my name put on record. He also wanted to know whether Father is already a citizen. I said he will probably be one next spring. Now I would like to know whether Father wrote my name also down, if not, I cannot become a citizen without being naturalized myself.

I would like very much-if Father and Mother would be so kind-to send me my stuff in a bag, but not the straw sack. I will write again before I take off.

Please write soon again. I hope everything is going well as always until I will come back. My regards to all of you. Your loving son, William Meissner.

To Father and Mother.

[Note on outside:] Direct the bag with William's clothes to the care of Mr. W. Noyes, Hanson Square Depot, Dorchester.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Capt. John Percival.

<Written in English.> Capt. John Percival Dorchester Mass.

18 Feb 1850 [excerpt].

I am glad that you are disposed to help me to a barn and I am willing to give you a mortgage thereon.

[There follow some lengthy explanations that he wants to postpone the interest payments (about $400) for four years and is getting worried about losing all his labor if payment is demanded too soon-he hopes he can pay all the interest and begin on the principal in a few years, but meanwhile is converting hay to manure instead of selling it, and is otherwise looking to the future improvement of the farm rather than the immediate prospects.].

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From: F.A.M.; To: Theodor des Arts.

<T22> Mr. Theodor des Arts, 78 Water St., N.Y.

W.B. February 1850.

Your Honor! In a German newspaper I have read your name listed as Consul of Hamburg. Although I am a born Saxon, my stay of 20 years in the very close neighborhood of Hamburg has made this city to a second home of mine and therefore I take the liberty to ask you whether you could take care for my letters to Germany for a small compensation. I will probably trouble you not more than twice a year (or three times!), but I would like you-every time I send letters for Germany to you-to tell me by a few lines that you have received my letters. It is so uncomfortable if one waits 1/2 year and longer for an answer and then even has to hear that the letters did not arrive at all. The post offices in this country are so unsafe, that only a short time ago a valuable letter of mine got lost between here and Boston. Besides I like to know if maybe I should receive around autumn a box with seeds, plants, (among other things) from Hamburg, whether I would be allowed to address it to you. In case you can't or won't fulfill my requests, I would be very grateful if you could recommend somebody else, who will.

Respectfully ...

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From: F.A.M.; To: Karoline Zimmermann.

To Karoline Zimmermann in Spitzkummersdorf by Aderwitz in the Kingdom of Saxony W.B. [no date].

Dear Karoline! I am now already four years in America and have during this time already twice written to you, but have so far received no answer. I am healthy and have had during this time various types of trouble, but so far I have not suffered yet want of anything.

As I heard our uncle in Pirna has died and we are among the heirs. Did you already receive anything and how much do you suppose we can expect from it? I would like very much to hear more details from you about this. Who is your attorney of power?

But please before all, tell me how you were during this time when I did not hear from you. How many children do you have? Girls or boys? How old are they? What do they learn? I have learned about so many things lately that I lost all these details from my memory. I cannot make this letter entirely free and you will have to make yours free again to Bremen. But I hope this will not keep you from answering me very soon.

<T23> Is anybody of the relatives still alive? Send my wishes to your husband and children. I would be very happy if I could see you-and I live in the conviction that your love and friendship for me follows me even to this far-away country. Should somebody have troubled himself so much and have written something bad about me, please don't be misled by that and continue believing in the friendship of your ...

Address your letter to:Mr. F.A. Meissner, W.B., Mass., N.A.-Franco Bremen.

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From: F.A.M.; To: City Judge Hering.

Mr. City Judge Hering in Pirna in Saxony.

W.B. May 6, 1850.

Your Honor! I received your dear letter, dated June 14, 1849. Following it I made a certificate for Mr. Adv. K. Friedrich and mailed it around the middle of Sept., last year. I enclosed in the letter my passport which I had received in Pinneberg before my departure as well as a letter for Mr. K.F. and one for my cousin Karoline Zimmermann and some lines to your honor, which contained my thanks for the information you gave me so readily. I had addressed this all to Mr. Karl Friedrich. But as I have received to this day no sign yet about the arrival of my certificate nor an answer from my cousin, I have to believe that the whole parcel is lost. I therefore wrote another certificate and addressed this time the letter to Mr. Judge Dir. Hermann Schneck. I enclose the certificate in your letter with the request to give it to Mr. Judge Dir. And I hope and wish that I might be luckier this time.

In case my first certificate should still have arrived-against my suspicion-the success of it should make me believe, that my interests are not in the best hands and I put it up to your discretion whether you want to keep back the second certificate-in such a case. You have to this or the other my full agreement.

Finally I want to thank you again deeply for the kindness you showed to me and I hope you fulfill my request mentioned above.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Judge Hermann Schneck.

To the judge of the Court Mr. Hermann Schneck, Pirna.

W.B. May 6, 1850.

Your Honor! By making you through the enclosed certificate to my attorney of power, I flatter myself not only with the hope that you will accept the job I asked you for, but also that you will soon inform me about the arrival of my letter and to give me at the same time a short survey of the inheritance, how big or small my share would be, <T24> and when I could look forward to receive at least part of the money. Besides that I would like to know who of my relatives are still alive and are heirs also.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Karoline Gerstenberg.

To Karoline Gerstenberg, Kummerfeld near Altona, near Pinneberg. [Not mailed!].

W.B. May 4, 1850.

Dear Lina! I have received your letter of Feb. 12, 1849 and I would have answered you a long time ago if I would not have been so vexed at your behavior while my uncle passed away. These days some of your earlier letters fell into my hands and the feelings showed in them caused me to write this letter. I hope that it will reach you and your husband and little family in good health and if you will continue as you started you will still come to wealth.

I was very happy to read in the papers that this summer steamboats will go from Hamburg. I wish that you would send the wanted things for autumn. It will be still early enough for the steamboat, if you mail it the beginning of November. If you want to send it by a sailing boat, it should be mailed already in the beginning of September. Please take care that every box or barrel is marked in clear letters as follows: Mr. F.A. Meissner, W.B.; Care of Mr. Ferdinand Karck, N.Y.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Karl Meissner.

Mr. K.F. Meissner in Utersen near Altona.

W.B. May 6, 1850.

Dear Karl! I have received your letter of April 2, 1848 and was very happy not only to hear from you but also that at the present time all of you are well and so far everything is going fine.

Accidentally I have heard that our uncle in Pirna has died and we all are probably among his heirs. I just cannot understand that you did not let me know about that. I wrote for that reason already last year to you, but received no answer. I believe they have made in Kummerfeld the plan to cheat me for my inheritance. Please let me know whether you received already something, how much we have to expect, who your attorney of power is and whether you are satisfied with him.

Give my regards to Ullrich and tell him that I have written already several times to him but did not receive any answer. I ask him to write to me how business is going in Kummerfeld. Send my regards to Betty, Wilhelm, Mana, and Aunt and write soon to your brother.

F.A.M.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Ferdinand Karck.

<T25> Mr. Ferdinand Karck, Consul of Hamburg, N.Y.

W.B., May 7, 1850.

Your honor! I received your friendly lines with the kind permission to be able to send my letters to Germany through your hands. Accordingly, I take the liberty to send you all the letters with the request to mail them at the first and best opportunity. I want you to make the letter to Aderwitz free to Hamburg or Bremen. I am most interested in the letter to Pirna, as it contains a certificate and I have sent one already last summer which did not arrive. Finally I want to thank once again for your unselfish offer only to charge me for the postage. It feels so well in this country of selfishness and egoism and avarice to find somebody with a German character and ideals and to see these written in German language.

It will be comfortable to know that you will mail the letters, when you have opportunity, too.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Dr. W. Wesselhoft.

Mr. W. Wesselhoft, Dr.-No. 18 Bedford St., Boston .

W.B. April 28, 1850.

Dear Doctor! If you look back in your journal Oct. 12, 1848, you will find my daughter Wilhelmine marked down. [Now in 1850, she is almost 16 years old-LPM.] Her (sickness) trouble was that her period was not going right and she complained always about stomach ache. We made then the water cure after the prescription of your brother and you gave her a little white powder against the stomach ache. After the use of this powder the aches were entirely gone and all the troubles got better. As the water cure seemed too fussy during the cold weather we interrupted it. The patient felt better all winter long, and in springtime of 1849, I believe it was April, the period started again all by itself. The patient had it two or three times very hard and felt at that time unusually well and full of strength, but with the beginning of the warm weather the period got weaker and weaker and stayed off entirely at the end. The patient became again weak and complained again much about stomach and headache. Like in autumn of 1849, we asked for the advice of Dr. Leonhard in Sandwich. He gave the patient first a clear, sourish liquid, which, however, deepened the headache so badly that we had to stop with it. After that she got a mixture which contained partly turpentine. This caused a strong period but the patient was very sick; after four weeks the period came again but then constipation followed and the patient became very sick and moody. (Dr. L. prescribed pills against it.) The next period followed in four weeks, after that the patient felt a great pain <T26> in her left side which kept on for three weeks. Dr. L. prescribed pills and said the patient is scrofulous and it would be useless to give any more medicine. The next period was only very weak and the dirt in it-taken into hand-looked gray instead of red. The following and the last period 14 days ago were a little bit stronger, but looked still a little bit gray -.

The patient seems to be unable to drink water. This might be caused by the water itself as we live here in a flat marshy region. The patient has to sustain fully of milk as it causes vomiting. I believe now to have told you all about the state of the patient and we look full hope towards your answer ...

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From: F.A.M.; To: Dr. W. Wesselhoft.

Mr. W. Wesselhoft, M.D. in Boston.

W.B. May 12, 1850.

Dear Sir! Wilhelmine took all the powders you sent her according to your prescriptions. Yesterday she took the last of it, but so far we can see no improvement in her feeling. The patient gets about two or three times a day a rising heat in her face, one or the other ear turns fire red and becomes burningly hot. At that time the headache is worst, although she never gets entirely rid of it. When it is very bad and I put my hand on her head I can hear her blood beating in her head, at the same time her feet and hands are cold and freezing shudders run through her. During these attacks the patient is usually very weak, but in the times between she is quite gay.

May 17, 1850.

As it was just about the time when the patient was supposed to have her period, I put off mailing the letter in order to wait whether there would be a change in her feelings by the period. But the period has stayed off already several days and the patient felt very miserable and weak during these days. The headache is very bad, but the raising heat seems to be less. The patient complains about continuing stomach pressure and a pain above the stomach, but below her breasts. Hands and feet are always cold, at worst during the heat wave in her head. Arms and legs are weak and without strength, little appetite; the patient was constipated for the last days and we gave her therefore an enema Tuesday evening, <T27> Wednesday morning and evening, which she all kept and Thursday morning we gave her a soap pill; a bowel movement followed. The patient sleeps little and then only restlessly at night. During the day she is mostly in a state-half awake and half asleep. Now I don't know anything else to add but the question, when you will send medicine and whether we should stop giving it in case the period should come in the meantime or after the use of the medicine.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Dr. W. Wesselhoft.

Mr. W. Wesselhoft, M.D., Boston.

W.B. July 4, 1850.

Dear Sir! We have used all of the medicine according to prescription. The patient has the menstruation regularly but very weak and was generally better, but sometimes still very sick with head and stomach ache. The warm baths prescribed for her and which we gave her from time to time seem to trouble her-she was always nearly lifeless in them-but altogether she feels better and has more strength. The heat in her head leaves her sometimes for a day, another day it appears even two or three times. She still has a continuing headache and stomach pressure. People who have seen her while she had the heat in her head believe she has a tendency for tuberculosis, but I console myself with the fact that she has no cough. We look forward to your advice.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Judge Hermann Schneck.

To the Judge Dir. Hermann Schneck in Pirna Your Honor:

In March of this year I sent a certificate, in which I nominated you as my attorney of power in the inheritance of my late uncle, the former Friedrich Gotthelf Meissner in Pirna, to the Judge Dir. Hering in Pirna. I asked him to give it to you. But as I have received no answer from you nor from Mr. Hering I must fear that it did not arrive. I ask you therefore urgently to answer me at once after the arrival of my letter and to let me know whether you received my certificate, whether you would like to accept my offer in this affair, how the state of this affair is right now and which steps I have to redo to further my interests.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Pirna City Law Court.

<T28> To the City Court of Law in Pirna.

W.B. Aug 12, 1850.

To Judge Dir. Hering in Pirna:

Your Honor! Your pleasant letter of June 18, 1849 reached me well and around Sept. 4 1849 I made a certificate for Mr. Advocate C. Friedrich and mailed it. But as I received no answer and was afraid that it got lost I made in March 1850 another one and that time for Judge Dir. H. Schneck. I addressed it to your Honor with the request to give it to Mr. Schneck, but as I received no answer to this letter yet I don't know how to explain it, and take therefore the liberty to address these lines again to your Honor with the urgent request for news about the certificate and the present state of the inheritance. I preferably would like to know how much my share would be. With the same letter I sent a question to Judge D.H. S. and I look with desire forward to an answer to my letters.

Your devoted ... F.A. Meissner.

Care of Mr. Ferdinand Karck, Consul of Hamburg, N.Y.

Postscript: The signer of these lines refuses before your court to accept any steps undertaken from anybody but me and by my attorney of power in the affairs of my late uncle, Fr. G.M. in Pirna.

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Mr. de Ray.

Mr. de Ray, Utersen near Altona .

W.B. Aug. 12, 1850.

Your Honor! The last news I heard from my brother K.F. Meissner, was a letter, which your nephew brought with himself to N.Y. I have written since this time already several times to him and requested urgent answers but in vain -. As he worked with you as a gardener and enjoyed your sympathy, you will please excuse my liberty to write to you and ask you to let me know his present address or in case he is still working at your place-please give him the enclosed letter and tell him to answer me at once.

Respectfully Your F.A.M.

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Administration of the Pinneberg Territory.

[I.T. ?] To the Administration of the Pinneberg Territory, Pinneberg in Holstein [Not mailed!].

W.B. Aug 12, 1850.

Your Honor! The signer, not personally known to your Honor, was a former land owner in Kummerfeld, where he has still his home rights (is still citizen) and where his daughter has now his belongings-a fortune of 1000 Cour. Mark. As I have reason to believe that my present stay is kept secret by my family and from an unknown reason, I take the liberty to tell it to you with the request to supervise my interests, fastened to my fortune, which my daughter has right now to my very probably soon to-be return.

F.A.M.

W.B., Mass., N.A.

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Ferdinand Karck.

<T29> To Mr. Ferdinand Karck, Consul of Hamburg in N.Y.

W.B. Aug 12, 1850.

Your Honor! I request again your kindness and want you to mail the enclosed letter with the earliest mail. I ask you to put the postage on them. I have received no answer yet to all my letters you were so kind to mail in March as little as to all my earlier ones. I don't know any more how to explain it. I enclose $2, which I believe to be enough for postage.

My best thanks for your kindness.

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Ferdinand Karck.

To Mr. Ferdinand Karck, Consul of Hamburg in N.Y.

W.B. Sept 5, 1850.

Your Honor! On Aug 13 of this year I mailed a letter to you containing three letters for Germany and a two dollar bill, but as I have received no answer yet I am afraid they got lost. In this case I would like to write again and have it mailed with the next steamboat and therefore I sent these lines.

=

From: F.A.M.; To: "Water Cure."

<Written in English.> To "The Water Cure."

Sep 17, 1850 [Concerning Wilhelmine's chronic illness.].

=

From: Karl Meissner; To: F.A.M.

<T374> From Brother Karl Meissner [Loose letter.].

By the ship Gutenberg.

Address: Mr. Friedrich Adolf Meissner in West Barnstable, Massachusetts, North America.

Utersen, Sep. 15, 1850.

Dear Adolf. I surely received your three letters, but would have liked to save you the postage as I don't know anything to write which could be of use to you.

Your first letter-despite the fact that it cost 21/-was welcome because it said you are still alive and quite well. There was a P.S. for Mr. Ullrich in it and so I had the letter sent to him by Marie, but received no answer from anywhere.

You inquire about an inheritance in Pirna. All I know about it is this: A long time ago a letter was read to me in the courthouse of Altona, saying that Mr. Friedrich Gotthelf Meissner had died in Pirna and that I had a share in the inheritance as son of his half-brother, the late minister Mr. Ernst Friedrich Meissner in Schonbach. I therefore had to make a certificate to an advocate in Pirna. For this purpose Mr. Karl August Friedrich in Pirna was proposed to me, whom already you and all the other relatives made to their attorney of power. There was no cause for me to write therefore to you, as I was told that you had already a certificate made, too. The advocate Held in Altona asked 10 [S?] for the certificate but wanted to give me credit until I would get my share, but so far he received no answer yet form Pirna. After having received your 2nd letter which also cost 21/ I wrote personally a letter to Mr. Karl Aug. Friedrich in Pirna, which I mailed personally at the post office in Altona on June 11, A.D., but received no answer either. Now I got your 3rd letter about this matter from a man, but I can give you more information as I know myself.

When I was still in Dresden, Uncle Traugott [see <T29>-LPM] told me once explicitly that I cannot count of an inheritance from any of the relatives. Therefore I don't believe that I will ever get <T375> anything and it would be better if you would waste no more postage on this matter. In case I should hear something of importance to you, I won't fail to write it to you. -.

Otherwise I surely would like to know how you are doing. Betty, Aunt and Marie live in Altona, Wilhelm [Karl's son-LPM] is with a gardener, Mr. Petersen, in Elbe. I am with Mr. de Roy. I have not been in Kummerfeld for a long time. I hope and wish you are healthy and stay that way and that you may live many years even without the inheritance.

Your brother, Karl Friedrich Meissner .

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Ferdinand Karck.

<T29, cont.> Mr. Ferdinand Karck, Consul of Hamburg, N.Y. [Loose letter.].

W.B. Sept 17, 1850.

Your Honor! On Aug 13 of this year I mailed a letter containing three letters for Germany and a $2 bill for postage to you. As I received no answer to this letter and feared it got lost I took liberty to address a letter to you around Sept 5, in which I asked you about it. As I received to this letter no answer either I see myself forced to write to you again and ask for your kind reply.

=

From: Karl Meissner; To: F.A.M.

From Brother Karl Meissner [Loose letter.].

Address: To Mr. Friedrich Adolf Meissner in West Barnstable, Mass., North America.

Utersen, Oct. 19, 1850.

Dear Adolf, After having mailed by the ship Gutenberg on Oct. 1 A.D. a letter to you which contained nothing of importance, only the announcement that I had received your letters but was unable to give any information about the inheritance in Pirna, I received on Oct. 5, a letter from the advocate Friedrich in Pirna, of which I send you a copy:

To the gardener, Mr. Karl Friedrich Meissner in Utersen.

According to your honored order, I took care for your rights in the inheritance, which your uncle, the merchant Fried. G. Meissner left behind. The whole inheritance consists in about 8000 [Thalers?] and is divided into two parts. One part belongs to the full blooded race and the other to the half-blooded sisters and brothers of the deceased. The first part is double the size of the 2nd one. From the latter side six people exist, namely the heirs of six half-blooded brothers and sisters; You, then you compete with two brothers, one of them, Fr. A. Meissner, is in America and the other, E.F. Meissner, is supposed to be dead. [Ernst Friedrich Meissner, b. 1807, d. about 1824 aged about 17 and apparently without offspring-LPM.] I was so far unable to prove the latter's death and therefore it is still a question whether this part of the inheritance is divided into two or three shares. The house here in this town, which belongs to the inheritance, has been sold lately and 5350 [Thalers?] were paid for it. One therefore can expect that soon the inheritance will be distributed. The cash money certainly was already divided last year, but is not paid yet as the death certificate of your brother is still missing. In case I am unable to get one till the next time when the other parts of the inheritance are divided I will demand that the share belonging to E.F. Meissner and his descendants is kept while you and your brother in America will get their parts. I will take care that it will be sent to you right away. E.F. Meissner, born 1807, is supposed to have died in Dresden. But as all my investigations led to no result I hereby ask you whether you are willing to tell me when E.F. M. died, in which part of town it was, where he once lived, whether he maybe died somewhere else and whether you therefore can give me a death certificate.

Respectfully I sign, yours, Friedrich, Advocate.

== Pirna, Oct. 1, 1850.

According to my calculation we both have to expect 1/54 of 8000 [M?] Saxon currency. This would be about 370 [M?] and after deducting all expenses 300 [M?] about should be left. As I cannot give a distinct information about Ernst I left the letter unanswered. If you know something about it then do it yourself.

It is all the same here. Nothing changed. I would be glad once to hear again how you are doing.

Your brother, Karl Friedrich Meissner.

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Capt. John Percival.

<Written in English.> Capt. John Percival Dorchester Mass.

10 Nov 1850 [excerpt].

... my harvest turns out very scanty ...

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Karl Friedrich.

<T29, cont.> To Mr. Karl Friedrich, Advocate in Pirna.

W.B. Nov 12, 1850.

I have received your letter-dated Oct. 1st 1850-on Nov. 6. I cannot understand how you as a business man could put off so long an answer to my letters and caused to me so many unnecessary expenses and troubles. I sure cannot call this done in my interest?

Concerning the death of my brother Ernst Friedrich I can tell you this: He died in the year 1824 or 25 in the little Field Castle near Dresden. He was employed at that time in Court Printing Press and learned how to become a compositor. Our uncle [mother's brother-LPM], the Court Gardener Karl August Seidel, was our guardian. He or the gardener Treugott Jakob Seidel can affirm his death. Also can this be proven through the documents of the Guardian Administration Office in Dresden.

<T30> (Our cousin Mrs. Buchel in Dresden surely remembers this, too. Norbert Meissner knows about it at any rate. We have, however, very little communication with our other relatives.).

I am not interested in having money sent to me only partly. I hope that my information enables you to bring this affair clear and please let me know how much I am to receive from you, in order to write a check for you, as it seems to me to be very unsafe to collect money in cash.

Respectfully, F.A.M.

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Judge Hering.

To Mr. Hering, Judge Dir. in Pirna.

W.B. Nov 12 1850.

Your Honor! I have received your kind answer on Nov 6 and I cannot omit to see my deepest thanks to you. Also my attorney of power, Mr. Friedrich the advocate, has given answer to me-only and alone caused by your and Mr. Schneck's visit to him, as he writes himself. The information I gave Mr. Friedrich about the death of my brother will enable him to prove it validly and to clear the situation. As your Honor recommended Mr. Friedrich to me I am convinced that my little inheritance will go to safe hands. I want to thank you once again for your lines.

Respectfully ...

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Ferdinand Karck.

Mr. Ferdinand Karck, Consul of Hamburg in N.Y.

W.B. Nov 12 1850.

Through your kindness I have received a letter from Pirna on Nov. 6 of this month. I have to receive from there a little inheritance of nearly 200 [Thalers?] and want to ask for your advice whether it would be better for me to have it sent to me in cash-in money or silver-or whether it would not be better to make a bill of exchange of it and whether it is possible to do so through your negotiation. I mean it to do it by this way: I write a money-order saying that my attorney of power is to pay the amount to you or your orders and you pay it to me then here in N.Y. (Please excuse my inexperience in things of commercial matter.) Please be so kind as to mail the enclosed letter with the next Bremen steamer. It is not necessary to put postage on it.

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Karoline Gerstenberg.

To Karoline Gerstenberg in Kummerfeld near Hamburg.

W.B. Nov 12, 1850.

Dear Lina! I am sure you are very well or else I should think you ever remembered your father and would ask once how he is feeling. -.

I would like you to send me for next spring the following items. If you can mail these things in the beginning of March by a <T31> sailing ship or in the beginning of April by a steamboat, I am sure they will arrive here still on time.

[Order list:...].

I expect that you will answer this letter after arrival, that I will know whether I can count on it. Give my regards to your husband and your children.

Your father ...

[P.S.] Please write the following address on all boxes or barrels, which you will send to me: Mr. F.A. Meissner, Care of Mr. Ferdinand Karck, Consul of H., N.Y. Besides that write "Garden Seeds" on the barrel with seeds, and on the others write "Trees," "Shrubs," or "Plants" according to what they contain.

Please enclose with the seeds some price-"Courants" [current prices?-LPM], a Booth's Tree Nursery Catalog and one about carnation seeds from the place where Bielenberg and the other gardeners of Altona received their wonderful carnations from in the last years. I sure would like to have some.

I am most interested in the things I underlined, especially pear seeds, carnations, and Stocks seeds. As you have to buy these I will compensate you for your expenses during the next summer if you need it badly, but I believe that you must be rich already as you surely save everything which I might have wasted.

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Capt. John Percival.

<Written in English.> Capt. John Percival Dorchester Mass.

16 Dec 1850 [excerpt].

... The barn has cost $1299.90 .... I am very much obliged to you for your kind offer to make your house my home in case I should come to Boston and I only wish I could furnish my house in such a style that I could offer the same hospitality to you. ...

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Capt. John Percival.

<Written in English.> Capt. John Percival Dorchester Mass.

19 Jan 1851 [excerpt].

... I am very sorry that you feel so much troubled about getting William a place, but I hope you will remember that it was your own kindly offering we accepted.... I have put in the farm 201 loads manure and the harvest calculated at a fair price amounts to $126.80, a sum about triple as last year but still a very discouraging result ... my earnings of the past year have not sustained our wants, I have only procured what was necessary on food and some coarse clothing and there is still a debt of about $25 to pay for. I rejoice in having a good barn and shall use every effort to make up the deficiency of the last year; how far I shall be successful I do not know. I wish you would assist me with about 500# Guano, that is as much as it wants for manuring an acre of land, but I don't intent to increase my liabilities with if you could not do it for your satisfaction to see me getting a living on a farm where nobody else could I shall not want it, because I dont know if I could ever pay for.

=

From: Doris Meissner; To: P.H. Kierulff.

<T31, cont.> From "Doris Meissner" [Johanna Friedericka Doris Runtzler Sennewald].

To:[brother-in-law] Mr. P.H. Kierulff, Carpenter, Bukenbreitengang, Platz No. 22, Hut No. 3, Hamburg.

January 1851-W.B., Mass., N.A.

Dear Sister! After having mailed our last letter in January 1848 to you, we received your and Mr. Merkel's letter-dated Dec. 1847, we also received your letters from August 1848.

We are still living in W.B., where we sent our last letters from and as our situation is still much the same, only we all become some years older and so we put off always writing to you.

July 25 of last year we received a letter from Wilhelm [her brother, F.W. Runtzler: see <T40>-LPM], in which he wrote that he arrived safely in N.Y. and that all of you were well and healthy when he left. We answered him at once but never heard from him again. If you know what became out of him and where he is now, let us please know about it and his address.

[Her children:-LPM] Wilhelmine was ailing a lot during the last years but is better in this winter. Leonore is working since last autumn and weighs 146 lb. William weighs 180 lb. and wants to go to sea in spring. Henry goes to school and we all are well and healthy. We suffer no want of anything, but we could not save anything either. Before one knows the language and the <T32> situation here it is very hard and I am afraid Wilhelm will have a rough time at first, but this will go over.

We cannot advise Kierulff to come over here. At least as a cabinet-maker he will have no future. The furniture here is very, very cheap and are all made square. In case little Lina should be still unmarried and has the wish to come over here, she can have a much better life here and with little ease and little work in a week she can make $1 that is three F eight S [maybe: F = franken, S = shilling-M. Camphausen]. She can come to us and we will accept her kindly and find a job for her. When she arrives at N.Y. she only has to go to the Consul of Hamburg, who knows us and who can tell her how to find us best, but she needs Meissner's address.

Give our regards please to sister Karoline, brother Heinrich, your husband and children, and please let us know about you soon again. Give your letter to Norbert Slomann instead to the post office and address it to F.A.M., W.B., Mass. N.A.

=

From: F.A.M.; To: F.C. Merkel.

To Mr. F.C. Merkel, Weavermaster in Hamburg, Brauerstra?e No. 44.

W.B. Jan 1851.

Dear friend! After having mailed our last letter in Jan. 1848 to you we received your letter of Dec. 1847 and also your letter-dated Aug 1848, which we read with great pleasure. You surely did not believe at that time that the agitations in Holstein would last so long.

We are still in W.B. from where we wrote last. We have-to be sure-enough to live but cannot save anything yet. Doris is still sometimes homesick for her friends in Hamburg and cannot get used entirely yet to the life here. The children however are quite happy. William will go to sea this spring; Wilhelmine was sick during the last years but is better now, she becomes tall and strong. Leonore is working since last autumn and is very "chic," she weighs 146 lb. Henry also grew big and strong.

The social life here is miserable; one does not find some good friends together sitting over a glass of punch. The so-called Temperance Societies are so powerful that nobody is allowed to drink in public brandy, wine, or beer, as this is looked upon as a shame, but they drink henceforth more and more secretly. Sanctimony is here a big virtue. In public life many things-to be sure-are better than in Germany, but they are still incomplete. The plurality always makes the laws, the crowd however is not always the smartest or the honest ones; they only look for their own good or the advantage of others (when they get paid for it). The proverb: "Grease <T33> swims on top" is here as valid as anywhere else. We have here now similar agitations as in Germany on account of the slavery, which still exists in the Southern states and which the Northern states want to get rid of, but I don't believe in an outbreak.

It will be a great joy to us to hear from you and your wife and children. We hope all of you are well and healthy and we ask you to greet all friends from us. We greet all of you very much.

In case you think of sending once some of your children over here, send them before they are entirely grown up, so that they can go still to school for one or two years. They learn then the language better and get better used to the life here.

I wish you could [see-LPM] what guy William grew up to be, and all the others speak English very well, too. That is just what keeps the most Germans from being successful-namely not knowing how to speak English. Besides this it is easier here at any rate than in Germany to become something here.

If you write us, please send your letter to Robert Slomann instead through the post office and address it as above to.

Your friend ...

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Capt. John Percival.

<Written in English.> Capt. John Percival Dorchester Mass.

2 Feb 1851 [excerpt].

... Now as spring is at the door it would be a waste of time to cart clay ... if you intend to spend some $15, as it seems by your letter, to help me get along I think it would be to the best advantage to spend it on Guano ... but you may do as you feel disposed to.

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Capt. John Percival.

<Written in English.> Capt. John Percival Dorchester Mass.

19 Mar 1851 [excerpt].

... yesterday we had some high tides ... a large hole is broken in the dam, all my swamp was under water as well as a great deal of the tillage land round the edges of the marsh. ...

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Ferdinand Karck.

<T33, cont.> Mr. Ferdinand Karck, C. of H. in N.Y.

W.B., Mass., March 24, 1851.

Your Honor! According to a letter of my attorney of power in Pirna I am supposed to receive so far-after all expenses were deducted-money in the amount of 153 [Th?] 19 [NGC?] three [R?]. I therefore use your kind permission and ask you to send this little sum to me. For that reason I enclose a money order. I hope you inform me when you have received the money. Maybe I come personally to N.Y. to receive the money from you.

I would like to mail the letter to Mr. Friedrich at the same time as the money order. I would like to ask you to send the other letters which are only friendship letters with a Hamburg ship in order to save the higher postage-all without postage.

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Karl Friedrich.

Mr. Karl Friedrich, Advocate in Pirna in Saxony.

W.B. Mass, March 24, 1851.

153 [Th?] 19 [NGC?] three [R?].

Please pay to Mr. Ferdinand Karck or to his orders, in Saxon currency, one hundred and fifty-three Thalers 19 [NGC?] three [R?].

F.A. Meissner.

<T34> To Mr. Karl Friedrich, Advocate in Pirna.

Following your letter of February 21, 1851 I have written with the date of today a money order for Mr. Ferdinand Karck, C. of H. in N.Y. and I request from you to pay my assets (153 [Th?] 19 [NGC?] three [R?]) after being shown the money order.

If you could send to me by Oct. 13 of this year the amount of 100 [Th?] for my left-over assets in the value of 127 [Th?] 11 [?] and the interest due, I would be willing to give it to you or sell it for this amount. But it must be understood that I have no more expenses and red tape, besides that I don't want to have anything to do with a third party. I therefore want you to send me a cheque you made in your own name for this amount which is payable Oct. first of this year-with one word-that you will guarantee that 100 Thalers will be paid to me for Oct. 13 of this year without any extra expenses. If you cannot arrange this affair that way I want you to introduce me to my debtor and to arrange it that way that I can to receive by money order yearly the amount due to me. For that reason it is necessary for me to know the time of the payments.

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Karl F. Meissner.

To K.F. Meissner in Utersen near Altona.

W.B. March 24, 1851.

Dear Brother! I have received your letters from Sept. 15 and Oct. 19, 1850 and I was happy to hear that you are still alive and well. I have in the meantime received already a couple of letters from my attorney of power in Pirna. According to the last one, which I received yesterday, part of my inheritance is paid out and the remainder is supposed to be paid in 10 yearly payments-what a red tape! I am still well and doing fine so far. Please let me know from time to time how you are doing.

With friendship, Your brother.

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Capt. John Percival.

<Written in English.> Capt. John Percival Dorchester Mass.

17 Apr 1851 [excerpt].

... The "water cure" is helping Leonore and we will soon start it on Wilhelmine-we have delayed as she has been improving. Leonore was sick when she went to work for a neighbor but when she came home got well after five weeks of the treatment. ...

In my last I wrote you about some high water but we had it still higher ... about 1/4 acre of my best garden ground which I had manured very high and planted with early vegetables are washed away.

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Ferdinand Karck.

<T34, cont.> To Mr. Ferdinand Karck, C. of H., N.Y.

W.B. April 28, 1851.

Your Honor! On March 25 of this year I mailed a letter through you which contained a money order to my attorney of power in Pirna in the value of 153 [Th?] 19 [NGC?] three [R?] which I asked you to collect for me. At the same time I enclosed a letter for Mr. K. Friedrich, Advocate in Pirna, and several letters for Hamburg, in order to have them mailed. I am interested to know whether <T35> you received this letter of mine, especially the money order. I would have dared already earlier to ask you about it, if I would not have believed, that you maybe wanted to wait the departure of the last Bremen steamer. As I have received no answer so far from you I can honestly say I am worried about it.

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Ferdinand Karck.

To Mr. Ferdinand Karck, C. of H., N.Y.

W.B. May 27, 1851.

I have received your Honor's letter telling me that my seeds and plants have safely arrived from Hamburg. The cheapest way to send the goods here would be by sailing ship to one of the southern ports of Cape Cod-Hyannis or Cotuit port. But as it is already so late in the year and possibly no sailing ship is going this route, the best way would be probably by steamboat and railroad by the Fall River route, namely first by steamboat to Fall River, then by railroad to Middleboro and from there on by Cape Cod Branch Railroad to Sandwich. In case you should send the goods this route, it would be better to mark them Sandwich instead of W.B.

Respectfully ...

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Ferdinand Karck.

Mr. Ferdinand Karck.

W.B. June 16, 1851.

I have received your kind letter of June 5 as well as the trees etc. from Hamburg. Unfortunately the trees were so carelessly packed that they all dried out. I say for your prompt and nice transport my deepest thanks. I would have enclosed your expenses if I would not have been sure that the money from Pirna will arrive at you in a short time. I sent a letter to my attorney of power (you were so kind to mail it!) saying that I would sell for a round sum of 100 Thalers my remaining assets which were supposed to be paid to me in payments during a period of 10 years. He agreed in this deal and therefore I send another money order for 100 Thalers and ask you to collect if for me. If you will kindly send the enclosed lines back to me after having received my letter, it will prove to me the true arrival of my letter and will save you the trouble of writing to me.

W.B. Mass. June 16, 1851.

100 [Thalers].

Please pay to Mr. Ferdinand Karck or to his orders in Saxon currency, One hundred Thalers.

F.A. Meissner.

To Mr. Karl Friedrich, Advocate in Pirna.

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Karl Friedrich.

<T36> Mr. Karl Friedrich, Advocate in Pirna.

W.B. June 16, 1851.

I have received your letter of May 2, 1851 and following it I made a money order for the amount of 100 Thalers, which I still have to get for Mr. Ferdinand Karck. I request that you kindly send the money and I want to thank you for fulfilling my wish concerning my remaining assets.

I sign ...

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Capt. John Percival.

<Written in English.> Capt. John Percival USN Dorchester.

W.B. Jul 6 1851.

Dear Sir, Your generous offer to release me from my obligations to you, viz.: a note of $1500.00 and a note of $230.00 with interest, by paying you no order before the first day of April next One Thousand Dollars, I accept with the greatest gratitude, I will pay you the money as required, and am your-.

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Ferdinand Karck.

<T36, cont.> Mr. Ferdinand Karck, C. of H. in N.Y.

W.B. July 8, 1851.

I have received your letter of June 18 with the good news that my money order was paid and I ask you to write out a cheque for me in the amount due, that is $95.00, which I can easily sell here to one of the grocers which do their shopping in N.Y., or-if you prefer and believe that there is no risk of loss to have it sent by mail.

Respectfully ...

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Karoline Gerstenberg.

To Karoline Gerstenberg in Kummerfeld.

W.B. Aug 7, 1851.

I have received your letters from Jan first and March 30 as well as the trees, shrubs, plants, and seeds.

The trees and shrubs were all dried out and would not have had much value anyhow as they were not packed well at all and were bound only together like a bundle of bushes. The shrubs seemed to have been put so wet into the barrels that they all but a few were spoilt. It is sure a miracle that the seeds are still mostly OK, as you did not even pack them either in a little box by themselves.

I have read with great joy the assurances of your love in your letter of Jan. 1 and I would be still more convinced about them if your deeds would agree with your words. How come that you took so little consideration for my wishes concerning the trees and shrubs?-How come that you did not announce me the death of my uncle in Pirna right away? -.

As I have left my former home again and don't know yet the end of my wandering, address please your letters as follows: Mr. F.A.M., Care of Mr. F. Karck, C. of H., N.Y.-in case you feel still moved once to write again to your father -.

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Ferdinand Karck.

<T37> Mr. Ferdinand Karck, C. of H. in N.Y.

W.B. Aug. 7, 1851.

I have received your Certificate of Deposit at the Mechanic Bank in N.Y. for the amount of $95 and I thank you very much for it. I ask you to mail the enclosed letters with a Hamburger ship or the next German ship and to put postage on them.

Respectfully ...

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From: F.A.M.; To: Mr. Rufus Day.

<Written in English.> Mr. Rufus Day.

29 Aug 1851 [excerpt].

... do you still own that white mare ... when is the next court in your county, as I have been thinking about to get naturalized then. [See <T74>: "1854, May 23, F.A. Meissner became a citizen.] William my oldest boy has gone to sea on a trading voyage to Central America.

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From: F.A.M.; To: G.F. Wurdeman.

<Written in English.> G.F. Wurdeman, Aiken, S. Carolina.

12 Sep 1851 [excerpt].

... have read some remarks in the Boston Almanac ... would like to inquire about Enterprise, Florida ... [I am] now naturalized.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Ferdinand Karck.

<T37, cont.> Mr. Ferdinand Karck, C. of H. in N.Y.

W.B. Oct 13, 1851.

I received your letter of Aug. 26 with the enclosed deposit paper of the Mechanic Bank for $70 and I thank you for the prompt and kind execution of this affair and I would like to ask your help and advice in another affair, if I can be sure not to bother you too much.

I surely want to emigrate to Florida but I cannot get away from here earlier than in November. Do you think there is still an opportunity to go to Jacksonville, Florida by ship? My family has five members and we have pretty much luggage and it would probably be too expensive for me to go by steamboat there over Charleston and Savannah. Would it be impossible for you to let me know the cost (in round figures) of the one or other route from N.Y. and whether it would be dangerous to do so at this time of the year?

Besides this I would like to get naturalized before going to Florida. It is impossible here as I don't live here yet for five years [in Mass.-LPM] but in N.Y. I could find witnesses who can affirm that I am already five years here [in N.Y.-LPM]. I therefore would like to know whether there is a meeting of the court in this or the next months which will accept a petition for naturalization.

Letters from Florida:

Most letters from Florida that are written in English are business letters - in particular, there are many letters about the purchase of Guano.

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From: F.A.M.; To: F.C. Merkel.

[<T37>, cont.] Mr. F.C. Merkel, Weavermaster, Brauerstra?e No. 44 in Hamburg.

W.B. Jan [18]52.

Dear friend! If you and Mr. Kierulff have received my letters from Jan. 1851, you will know that at that time we all were well with the exception of Wilhelmine (who is better right now, too), so that we all started the new year in good health, what we wish all of you, too.

We are about to leave for the South and think of traveling in a few days. We have never heard again of brother Wilhelm, who wrote to us 1-1/2 year ago that he had safely arrived in N.Y. Please give my regards to sister Karoline and write and tell them to know Wilhelm's address in case they have it. Please, give my regards to your wife and children and to all friends, Doris, Mine, Lore, & Henry. William is at sea since nine months, according to the last news from him fine and well. If you write to me (please do!), please write to:

F.A.M., care of F. B, Consul of H., N.Y. City.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Ferdinand Karck.

<T38> Mr. Ferdinand Karck, Consul of Hamburg, N.Y.

Enterprise, Orange Co. [Florida], February 16, 1852.

You will have saw from the few lines, which I wrote to you in a hurry about 10 days ago from Jacksonville, that we safely arrived here, and that we had received no news yet about the arrival of our things. We expect the steamboat with the mail of this week for tomorrow, and in case our things or some news from you should arrive I will put it at the end of the letter.

Here very good land for $1.25 per acre can still be bought, but the region is nearly not cultivated at all. The few farmers living here get their income by raising fruits and cattle. An ox costs $10, a cow with calf $8, but everything else is sinfully expensive, is brought here from N.Y. over Savannah. Therefore I would like to ask you to send me the goods listed below with the next sailing ship, and to address them to me, care of Mr. Finnigan in Jacksonville. For that reason I include a money order to H. for $35. If you write to me I would like to know how much live oak moss is worth in N.Y. as well as Florida Tutoaks [?]. I can send some of both things to the market in autumn. I hope we will enjoy your sympathy in the future, too ...

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From: F.A.M.; To: Charles J. Schonheit.

Mr. Charles J. Schonheit, Jacksonville, Florida.

Enterprise, March 2, 1852.

Dear Fellow-countryman! I have received your friendly letter and my belongings, and I would have answered right away by the returning steamboat, if I would not have been absent at that time. I thank you best for transport of my luggage, and include $1 for the expenses you had.

I send to you at the same time by steamboat some trees, shrubs, and plants (my Georginen [?], and potatoes got frozen) as well as a package with 100 grains of vegetable seeds in 10 different kinds and 110 grains of flower seeds in 12 kinds. The trees and shrubs are for you as well as much of the seeds as you can use. The remaining seeds I would like you to sell, I take back what is left, and 1/3 of the money I give to you for the sale. If you could send me two water pails and 12 lb. Of green coffee by writing on the bill for the seeds with the next boat, I would be very pleased. I leave it up to you to make a price for the seeds. The seeds are fresh and raised by myself. - .

I could not so far find a place to buy that I liked, and therefore rented something for the time being. When I will be living <T39> on my own land and be lived in a little more, it would be my greatest joy if you would visit us.

For the continuance of your friendship asks your ...

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From: F.A.M.; To: Ferdinand Karck.

Mr. F. Karck, C. of H., N.Y.

Enterprise, March 23, 1852.

I mailed you a letter containing a money-order for $40.00 and the request to send me provisions for it on Feb. 16. As I have received no answer yet I take the liberty to ask whether you received my letter and cheque. My luggage arrived safely and well.

Respectfully ...

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From: F.A.M.; To: Charles J. Schonheit.

Mr. Charles J. Schonheit, Jacksonville.

Enterprise, March 23, 1852.

Dear friend! I would like you very much to send me by the next boat two perfect mosquito nets, not too short and narrow for twin beds for $1.00 per piece, and I will send you the money right away. I can buy them here for the same price but we believe you to have better ones. We would prefer green.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Winterhoff Piper & Karck.

To Mr. Winterhoff Piper & Karck, N.Y.

Enterprise, April 27, 1852.

I received your letter of March 12 on March 30, and the goods arrived April 6, however all my writing seemed to have missed its purpose - to buy things cheaper - because the flour - to be sure - seems to be very good so far we checked it, but the coffee for 12-1/2 cents per lb. is very bad, not only the look of it, but also the taste. In the meantime, I bought coffee as good as the one from N.Y. for eight cents per lb. <T40> here in Jacksonville. N... [?] are listed for six cts. Per lb., while I bought these for 4-1/2 cts. per lb. in Barnstable. I did not order scythe at all, and the grindstone, listed with 100 lb. and 2-1/2 cts. each weighs only 86 lbs. It probably lost six lb. by drying out. I think of sending to you a load of corn [grain-LPM] during the summer. Till then, as I don't like to include money in a letter, I remain your debtor.

Respectfully ...

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From: F.A.M.; To: Morris Keil.

Mr. Morris Keil, Jacksonville.

May 4, 1852.

I am sorry that I bothered you with the berries, but I still have to learn first what people eat here and what not. In the New England states, where we lived so far, they sold very well. I wrote to Mr. Schonheit to make up a price, 6-1/4 cts. is the usual price, but if you think it to be good you can sell them for 5.

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From: Wilhelm Meissner [son of Karl Friedrich Meissner].

<Loose letter-Translated by M.C.>.

Mr. Fried. Adolph Meissner, West Barnstable, Mass., America. New York. .

Missent and For. from W. Barnstable. Enterprise, Orange County, Florida.

Altona, May 11 1852.

Dear Uncle, You will be happy to hear some news from Holstein and also from Altona. First I have to tell you the sad news of our dear mother's death. She died after spitting blood for several weeks on Jan. 15. Father, Marie, and the old aunt are quite well. Only I alone have to stay 14 days in bed on account of my knee, which I hurt badly, but now I nearly recovered entirely with the aid of a doctor. We heard from Kummerfeld that Lina is quite sick since her last childbirth, but is feeling better now. Uncle Ullrich and his family are all healthy and well. Eloise and Lene are both engaged. The first wants to get married this summer, the other wants to wait still a few years.

Now I want to tell you, how I came all along - because Father writes always only so little. - In the autumn of 1847, Hans and I left the aunt. Hans went to work on a farm and I went to my mother, therefore I worked till spring in Dresden as a china-painter, because my desire to go to sea was destroyed by the fact that I first was to learn a profession. Then I became Mr. Petersen's apprentice as a gardener and worked in the Consul Mr. Lrand's garden. I stayed there for three years. Now I work with the gardener Wolbe in Altona and with impatience I await the time when I will cross the ocean.

Dear Uncle, I would like you to tell me, how things look where you are, as I intend to go to America still this summer. If you have a job for me, please write what the most necessary tools are there and what grows there. Maybe I can bring a few seeds along. Please write me about your cattle and how is it with hunting? Best Uncle, I look forward to your answer with great desire. We hope you and your family are well.

Best regards from all families Holstein, especially from Father, Marie and me.

Your impatient nephew, Wilhelm.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Morris Keil.

<T40, cont.> Mr. Morris Keil, Jacksonville.

May 18, 1852.

I want to thank you very much for your information about the place of Col Hollow. I cannot say yet anything in detail about it but maybe later I would ask you for your kind negotiation.

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From: F.A.M.; To: F.W. Runtzler.

Mr. F.W. Runtzler, Care of Mr. C. Bartels, No. 42 Spruce St., N.Y.

June 15, 1852.

Dear Brother-in-Law! As we did not hear anything from you again after your first letter, which we received in Barnstable, we believed that our answer did not reach you any more, and suspected you went to the West. Now we heard from Hamburg, to where we wrote for that reason, that you are still in N.Y. and doing well. We heard also that Mr. Merkel included a letter for us in your letter. We traveled in Jan. through N.Y., and I and Doris and the children would have all been happy to see you.

We left Barnstable, and went to Florida. The climate on this peninsula is warm but moderated by ocean winds. We have here since middle of May ripe watermelons, one can sow and reap through the whole year, my pears planted in March are ripe, as well as the potatoes which I think of sowing for the 2nd time and then once again in October. The most profitable product here seems to be oranges. My neighbor who lives here since six years has planted during this time about 40 trees, from which he sold fruits last summer for $400. It is easy to find wild orange trees in the woods. Good land can be bought for $1.25 per acre. [Insert from <T41>] Besides that cane sugar, pineapples, rice, and many other fruits are raised here. [End of insert.].

We all would be very happy to hear from you again. Best wishes to you, your wife, and children. .

Your ...

<T41> In case the "Homestead Bill" which is right now in the Senate should become a law, every family can from now on get 160 acres of Government land free.

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From: Doris Meissner and F.A.M.; To: J.H. Runtzler.

Mr. J.H. Runtzler in Dronnewitz in Mecklenburg.

June 15, 1852, Enterprise, Florida.

Dear Brother! Your letter which we received by last mail made us all very happy, and I could nearly be mad with Jette that she kept it away from us for so long. It is nearly a year since you wrote that letter, and you surely waited in vain for our answer for a long time. We read with much regret about your eye diseases. I have been quite well during all that time. However, Lore and Mina have the cold fever ["chills and fever" = malaria? - LPM] since eight days. William is at sea since more than a year, and at the same time as your letter arrived did we receive the first letters from. He is well, and doing fine.

Meissner will inform you about the wanted subjects as land etc. We would all be very happy if you would decide to come over here, and still more if you would settle in our neighborhood. At any rate we hope that you won't behave as unbrotherly as Wilhelm who lets us know nothing about him. We traveled through N.Y. in January. How much would we have liked to visit him if we would have only known where he was.

Now my dear brother - farewell, and write please soon to us.

Best regards to you, your wife, and children from.

Your sister Doris.

== [from FAM to J.H. Runtzler: ].

To my unknown friend! I try to answer your questions as well as I can.

All uncultivated land is divided into "townships," six miles long and six miles wide; every township is again divided into 36 sections, one mile long and one mile wide; every section into four quarter-sections, 1/2 mile long and 1/2 mile wide or 160 acres. Every quarter section is again divided into quarters each of which contains 40 acres. These 40 acre lots are the smallest quantity of land which can be bought from the Government, and cost $50 or $1.25 per acre. ($1 is three fr. eight sl. In Hamburg currency.) Much land is bought by speculators which resell it for $5 to $10 per acre. They made now a law in Congress which passed the House, and now goes to the Senate, and it is called the "Homestead Bill." According to it, every family father receives 160 acres land free from now on.

The prices of cultivated land are not easy to define: $20, $50, and $100 per acre, but generally cultivated land should be called exhausted land. The American sows and plants as long as the land will produce something, and then <T42> he tries to sell his farm to a stupid guy, and looks around for a fresh piece of land, which is still full of strength. It is not very often used to lease land, but often it is cultivated only by half [Reference to share-cropping? - LPM].

In Barnstable where we lived so far I bought 25 acres of bad and exhausted land (very sandy!), a good horse, and a good barn for $2000; I paid no interest the first three years. During this time I improved the soil so much that I could not only pay $120 interest but also could make a living. I raised vegetables, and had a very good market. I sold a cabbage which can be bought for two cents in N.Y. for eight cents there, and everything else in about the same proportion.

But the longer I lived there and the more the German stupidity passed, the more I realized that I had to work only for the rich man, who had loaned me the money to buy the farm, and then I thought how to become independent. One cannot receive any more Government land for $1.25 per acre in the Northern coastal regions, and in order to get it I either had to go to the South or to the West. The true immigrants go to the West (there is the best land!), but the products are very cheap, and cannot be brought to the market on same places. Besides these regions are very unhealthy. I therefore decided to go South, and that is to Florida, and I believe that my expectations were not deceived here. We made the trip from Barnstable to Enterprise (a distance of more than 1000 Engl. Miles) in the middle of winter in the month of January by train and steamboat in 14 days, some days of which we even stopped on the route.

If you take the map of America into your hand you will find where Florida hangs together with the continent, Jacksonville, which is Florida's main sea harbor. It is on the mouth of the St. Johns River, and consisted a couple years ago in only some huts, and was entirely unknown. You every week "packet ships" go between Jacksonville and N.Y., and steamboats between J., Savannah, and Charleston, so that it is connected to all big coast cities by steam shipping.

The St. Johns River is a beautiful big river, bigger than the Elbe, on which every week a steamboat drives 150 miles up to Lake Monroe. But in less than two years there will be a steamboat going daily this way. Lake Monroe is a beautiful lake, four to six miles long and wide. Here is Enterprise, where we are living now. I have selected a wonderful piece of land, close to the river, and six miles below the lake. The steamboat stops always here (where we want to settle down) in order to load wood.

<T43> One can still find here very good land for $1.25 per acre, but the best places are in big demand. The climate here is one of the best of the world, it is warm but moderated by sea winds. In the forests grow oaks, maples, cypresses, palm trees, magnolias, oranges, and many other evergreen bushes and trees. Oranges, figs, rice, corn [grain? - LPM], cotton-wool, pineapples, and all possible kinds of vegetables are raised here.

The corn I planted beginning of May is now ripe as well as the potatoes, which I will plant again now and a 3rd time in October. Since middle of May we have ripe watermelons. My neighbor told me that he took off 40 melons from one plant during the year. Another neighbor, who lives here now six years, has planted about 40 orange trees, and sold last summer fruits for $400, and believes to make this year as much, too.

Wine will be one of the main products in a few years - it thrives excellently here. If you want to come over with your family, and want to settle down here, you must take off from Hamburg in autumn, but not later than the beginning of September in order to arrive here during the winter time. If you will write to me in advance you will find a letter waiting in N.Y. from me. If not all of you just come here to us. All of you are very welcome. We are going to build a log house with palm leaves as roof in eight days, and then you live as a free man among free people.

Please, give my regards to your family, and I hope to meet you soon in person. I remain your ...

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From: Doris Meissner; To: P.H. Kierulff.

To:Mr. P.H. Kierulff, Carpenter, Bukenbreitengang, Platz No. 22, Hut No. 3, Hamburg.

Dear sister and brother-in-law! We have received your letter, and learned from it that all of you are well and healthy. We went 1000 miles to the South, and live now in Florida. Oranges, figs, cane sugar, rice, cotton, and many other fruits are raised here, and there is nearly no winter at all; one can sow and reap the whole year through. The summer heat is not higher than where we lived before but longer. Already in the middle of May we had ripe watermelons. They have besides much deer here, that we several times overate of it.

Henry, Lore, and Mina have since eight days the cold fever but are better now. We have also received letters from William. He is well, and thinks of coming home in October. We did not hear anything yet from brother Wilhelm. I ask you to mail right away the enclosed letter to brother Heinrich but you first have to put down the full address.

We give our best regards to all of you, and to sister Karoline and Merkels.

Your sister...

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From: F.A.M.; To: Mr. Leonhardt.

<T44> To Mr. Leonhardt, Judge and Advocate in Pinneberg.

Enterprise, Fla. June 22, 1852.

Your Honor! In case that you are still alive and feeling well, I take the liberty to ask you whether you would not like to buy my property in Kummerfeld, which belonged first to me and now to my daughter - in which case I ask you to let me know how much you are willing to pay. If you don't feel like accepting the offer, I would like to know whether you would take over the notice and collection of it. In one or the other case please include in your answer a scheme (sample) of the papers I have to fill out for this purpose.

You saw from the address above that I live now in Florida, the most southern state of the U.S. of N.A. We raise here wine, oranges, figs, cane sugar, corn [grain? - LPM], rice, cotton, arrowroot [?], yams, and all kinds of vegetables. The climate is one of the nicest of the world, although warm, it is moderated by sea winds. The region is visited a lot in winter by people with chest diseases from the northern states. Deer is so numerous here that some people who don't like to work live nearly exclusively from deer meat.

Expecting your kind answer, I sign ...

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From: F.A.M.; To: Winterhoff Piper & Karck.

Mr. Winterhoff Piper & Karck, N.Y.

The extraordinarily wet, unhealthy summer did not only throw me and my family down for the whole summer - the more as we still had to fight with the unaccustomed warm climate, - but also the youth of every house and every family is sick. This kept me from my plan,-the business with the moss -. I therefore include your assets of $10 in cash. I ask you to inform me about the receipt of the money and to let me know whether I still have to pay some postage charge.

Would it not be possible to sell sour oranges instead of lemons? They are big and beautiful and full of juice.

== Certificate for Ferdinand Karck in N.Y.:

To all concerned:I, F.A.M. in Jacksonville in the County Duval in the State of Florida in the U.S. of N.A., former land owner in Kummersfeld in the territory Pinneberg, have chosen, put into power and have made by the present witness, that Mr. Ferdinand Karck, Consul of Hamburg in N.Y. is my true and legal attorney of power in order to give notice, take off, and to give after being given like money, a valid receipt for me and in my name and for my profit, "One Thousand Courant Mark" / Courant M 1000 / with interest, which my daughter Karoline Gerstenberg, formerly Meissner, owes me and which are as <T45> a mortgage on the property in Kummerfeld in the territory Pinneberg, which formerly belonged to me and now to Mrs. Gerstenberg.

I give and be responsible to my attorney of power mentioned above all power and right to do and execute all and every deed, act, and thing whatever it might be, which is necessary in this affair as much as I would do or like to do if I personally would be present. I state myself responsible to everything that my mentioned attorney of power or his representative do or have done legally.

As affirmation of the contents above, I have personally signed and sealed it. Jan 10, 1853.

Signed and sealed in presence of ... F.A.M.

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From: Doris Meissner; To: William Meissner (Sennewald).

Jacksonville, Jan. 14, 1853 (Florida).

Dear William! We received your letter of Nov. 1, 1852 some days before the 20th, at what time you intended to go again to sea. A letter from us would not have reached you any more in time, therefore we did not answer you. We wrote, however, at once to Mrs. Fuller, as you had sent us her address, that you would hear it from her in case you should be still there, whether some letter arrived for you or not. We received your letter to Leonore and your questions to the Postmaster of Enterprise, today.

We left Enterprise, which is 250 miles upward the St. Johns River close to the five to six miles long and wide Lake Monroe, and where the oranges grow wild in the forests, again, as the region is still too uncultivated and therefore not healthy. The children had all the cold fever since the beginning of June and only a short time ago it left and I and Father had to lie in bed all summer, but are better now.

We live now close to Jacksonville, at the mouth of the St. Johns River. Jacksonville is the main harbor of Florida, where nearly daily ships from N.Y. and sometimes from Boston arrive, which pick up wood for building ships. Cabbage costs here 12-1/2 to 37 cts. per piece and a bundle onions $2. We own 100 acres of land, 3/4 of which has pine wood and 1/4 has oaks. We live in a log house and don't have to labor any more for Capt. Percival. The pines grow very high here and wood for ships is sent from here to N.Y. - 60 feet long -. We felled a pine tree cut into pieces, which was 57 feet long and had a diameter of 3-1/4 feet at the lower end and one of 2-1/2 feet at the upper end.

We accept with great joy the proposal you wrote about in Leonore's <T46> letter, to leave Father and to come to you. But as we spent all of our money for the trip, the long sickness, and to buy the land, we ask you to send us as soon as possible traveling money. The passage from here to N.Y. costs only $12 per person on a sailing ship. This would be $48 for four persons as we cannot leave Henry behind. It will cost at least the same from N.Y. to Barnstable or Boston, where we want to go, so that we are unable to take the trip with less than $125.00. You will take care for a nice apartment for us and will pay 1/2 year's rent in advance, that the landlord cannot throw us out into the street while you are still away. You must not forget the firewood either. We try to make our bread and salt by sewing.

We wish you good health and hope you will write soon again and send the money for the trip.

Your loving mother, D.M. [It didn't happen. She died in July of dysentery, and William ?? (later) - LPM].

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From: F.A.M.; To: Ferdinand Karck.

Mr. Ferdinand Karck in N.Y.

Jacksonville, Jan. 14, 1853.

I include a certificate in your name with the request to give it to a member of your house in Hamburg in order to give notice and collect a little sum in the Pinneberg Territory. There are two paying terms in Pinneberg if I am right. One lasts 14 days during Whitsuntide and the other is called the Martini Money Day. Money which was given notice first on the 1st money day is due on the 2nd. On the second money day - so I believe - nobody can be forced to pay money. All what it be necessary for your representative in Hamburg to do would be - after having received your certificate - to go to Pinneberg (one can travel the distance Altona - Pinneberg in 15 minutes) and to give notice there in the administration office and to write some lines about it to Karoline Gerstenberg in Kummerfeld. She will surely make a date with your representative and will make up a day during the Martini money days, on which he still has to go another time to Pinneberg's office in order to receive the money and to erase the debt. In case no payment is made, the money has to be got by court. I would recommend for that Mr. Burmester, Advocate in Pinneberg.

I hope that you will fulfill my request and that you will accept the certificate I made for you.

I would be very pleased if you would get through with this business in a hurry, so that my daughter has ample time to get the money or has things arranged with me.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Winterhoff Piper & Karck.

<T47> To Mr. Winterhoff Piper & Karck, N.Y.

Jacksonville, Jan 14, 1853.

On Nov. 9, I wrote a letter to the gentlemen A.B. Allen & Co., 189 - 191 Water Street in N.Y., in which I included $18 and I asked them to send me by the next ship to Jacksonville guano, seeds etc. A friend of mine who went to Charleston mailed it personally there. As proof that the gentlemen A.B. Allen & Co. have received this letter, I have a newspaper which they sent me since that time. As I received no goods nor an answer to my letter till Dec. 14, I wrote in the last few days a letter to these gentlemen and mailed it in Jacksonville, where I am living now. Four weeks have passed already again and I have received no guano nor seeds nor an answer. This puts me in a big scrape as winter here in Florida is the time to sow and plant and half of it passed already without purpose for me. .

I have left Enterprise again, which region is believed to be very unhealthy, and bought 100 acres land near J., a small part of which is good soil, which is very rare here. I thought of raising vegetables and am waiting now already four weeks for the guano so that I can sow and plant. Now you can imagine my impatience. I ask you therefore urgently to ask at once after my letter's arrival at A.B. Allen & Co. whether they received my money and letter and if so, to insist on a mailing of the goods at once. I am sure you are so kind as to let me know by return mail about the state of things and to free me from my uncertainty.

Respectfully ....

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From: F.A.M.; To: Mr. Merkel.

Mr. Merkel, Weavermaster, Brauerstra?e No. 44 in Hamburg.

Jacksonville, Jan. 14, 1853.

Dear Friend! I told you in my last letter that we wanted to go to the South. (We received your reply last summer.) We did this, too, and left Barnstable in the beginning of Jan. 1852, where at that time was the hardest winter, and arrived about 14 days later in Florida, the most southern state of the U.S. We went then 250 miles up the St. Johns River until we came to a beautiful lake. Few people are living there and we thought of settling here. In the forests the orange trees were full of ripe fruits; palm trees put their heads 70 or 80 feet into the sky. The rivers are full of turtles and crocodiles. The winter is as mild as May in Hamburg, and the summer not hotter than Barnstable, 1500 miles farther to the north. We stayed for nearly a year, but accidentally they had a very wet summer, so the cold fever broke out and we and all people living here suffered a lot; <T48> Partly, too, because the region is believed to be very unhealthy, and partly in order to be closer to the market, we decided to go downstream again and we live now in J., that is, very close to it, where we bought 100 acres of land.

J. is at the mouth of the St. Johns river and is the main harbor of Florida. It is a fast growing town. Steam and sailing ships come and go, to and from the big cities along the Atlantic coast. If you could come here and open up a cotton spinning mill and weaving mill, as similar as those wool spinning and weaving mills in Uterfen, you would become rich. Cane sugar, rice, and cotton are raised here in Florida; the farmers bring excellent cotton to J. to market. From here it is shipped to the bigger cities like Savannah and Charlotte, or to N.Y., and from there it goes to England or Germany and comes back as cotton [cloth]. -.

Meat, wheat, and wood is cheap; vegetables are very expensive. A piece [head? - LPM] of cabbage costs here six to 18,3 in Hamburg currency. A bundle of onions costs seven [S?], potatoes cost three [F?] and 8./3 to seven [?] and so on.

We received last summer a letter from Kierulff and J.H. Runtzler from Mecklenburg and we answered at once. I wrote especially a long letter to Mr. Runtzler, who seems interested in coming over here and wanted so much information. We received, however, no answer yet. We also wrote at once to Wilhelm Runtzler in N.Y. as soon as we received his address, but he did not answer either.

We ask you to greet Kierulff & family, sister Karoline, and all the other friends, especially your wife and children, and hope that this letter may reach you in good health. Your friend ....

You would gratify us very much if you would send this letter to Mr. J.H. Runtzler in Mecklenburg (whose exact address you can learn through Mr. Kierulff) to have him read it and to ask him, whether he received my letter or not. Our address is now J.F. as you can see above.

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From: F.A.M.; To: C.M. Jackson, M.D.

Mr. C.M. Jackson, M.D., German Medicine Store, No. 120 Arch Street, Philadelphia, Pa.

Jacksonville, June 9, 53.

As we have to pay here for everything two and three times the amount, I request you to send me, for the enclosed $, Quinine by mail and please, mark how many grains. I use now your bitter thing and hope it might do me good.

Respectfully,.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Mr. F.W. Thomas.

<T49> Mr. F.W. Thomas, Philadelphia.

Jacksonville, Florida, Sept. 25, 1853.

I have read in the N.Y. City newspaper, that [you] are going to publish all of Zrchakker's short stories and works. I would like you to send me a test sample.

Respectfully ....

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From: F.A.M.; To: Publisher of N.Y. German Democrat.

To the Publisher of the N.Y. German Democrat.

Sept. 25.

Dear Sir! About two months ago I lost my wife [d. 17 Aug 1853], who died of dysentery. I am therefore in need of a housemaid. Should I find a fitting one by your negotiation, I am willing to pay you $5.

I am near to 50 years old and live with my son, a good boy of 16 years [almost! (George Henry, b. Feb 1838)], near Jacksonville (Florida) on a farm of 100 acres, which is my property. I raise vegetables, which we bring to the market in Jacksonville. I have two grown-up daughters, but they are too much of a lady to live in the country. A decent woman or girl, preferably one from Germany, who is not to thin and weakly, who knows how to knit, sew, and cook, would find a nice place here. I cannot give too big a salary, but I might promise a comfortable marriage.

We live here in an eternal spring; while you in the North have the winter before your door, we sow and plant here, now for winter and in January for the spring. In the middle of summer we rest.

I would like it if you would send me some issues of your paper as well as some lines as answer.

I shall have to mention that weekly packet boats and other ships go from N.Y. to Jacksonville. The passage is $8 to $10 and the trip lasts only often four to five days, sometimes longer.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Mr. Isaac Swart.

<Written in English.> Mr. Isaac Swart, Jacksonville.

Long Branch, Florida, Oct 12, 1853:

[A plea for Mr. Swart to urge Wilhelmina to come back to F.A.M., and going into great detail about her health and her "Christian duty" to her parents, and how good a life she would have if she came back.].

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From: F.A.M.; To: W. Schluter.

<T49, cont.> Mr. W. Schluter, Office of the N.Y. Democrat.

Oct 17, 53.

I received your two letters from the first and third as well as two samples of your weekly paper. I enclose a letter from J.G. Myers (signed by him), who lives in J. very close to the Stone shipyard and is known to most ship captains which pass by and to whom the person you send can go. My wagon is usually every day in town, too. I don't doubt that the girl will have difficulty finding a passage without this security. Daily ships from N.Y. arrive as you can see from the enclosed slip.

I must ask you that you take as much care as possible not to send down here an immoral person. I promise to treat her well and pay her a good salary.

I will order your weekly paper starting on New Year, and will take care to send you the money for it in time. A friend of mine gets the N.Y. States Paper, but I don't like it very much as it is much for the slavery.

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From: F.A.M.; To : Karl F. Meissner.

<T50> Mr. K.F. Meissner, Utersen near Altona.

Oct 17, 1853.

Dear Brother! What are you doing? Are you still alive? I was during the last two years nearly always sick and often nearly dying. Only since about two to three weeks my strength returned, so that I can attend to my business. This puts me far behind, but I did not suffer want of anything yet.

Mrs. Sennewald is dead today nearly two months. After a short, eight days long sickness, she passed away - seemingly without pain - in the arms of her children. She was a true friend and nurse to me and until her sickness was well and healthy. Henry is with me and the two girls work in households.

I am living since two years in Florida, where there is eternal spring. There is a winter here - some trees and bushes lose their leaves, but many others start blooming at the same time. The orange, the palm tree, the magnolia, the laurel (grows wild here!), yellow blossoming and sweet smelling jasmine, and so many evergreen, beautiful blossoming bushes are here in such a beauty, as I never saw before and not to be forgotten - evergreen oak trees and pine trees with one foot long needles. The grass is hard and bad, but beautiful flowers grow in the meadows.

I own 100 acres of land - all in one piece, four miles away from J., the main harbor of Florida, situated at the mouth of the St. Johns River. I started raising vegetables, which bring an unheard of price, for instance a piece [head of cabbage?] costs 12 to 25 cts., a sack of potatoes $2 and so on.

I have enough land but I need more hands to work. I have heard through Wilhelm who wrote me once, that your wife died. Please, answer me as soon as my letter arrives and let me know not only what you are doing but also how everything is in Kummerfeld. You could do me a favor and go there and greet Lina for me and tell her to send me one of her boys or rather come herself with husband and children, if they don't come along too well at home. Wishing that my letter will reach you in good health, I remain ....

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From: F.A.M.; To: J.C. Merkel.

Mr. J.C. Merkel, Weaver Master, Brauerstra?e No. 44, Hamburg.

Jacksonville, Fla., Oct 24, 1853.

Dear friend! By doing so I fulfill my sad duty and announce you the death of our dear mother. She died of dysentery after being only eight days sick, seemingly without any pain, on August 17 of this year. I have never seen so far a human being going so tenderly to sleep, not even the slightest move betrayed her death. She was a faithful friend and nurse to me and a loving and caring mother to her children. She was during the last time unusually well and healthy, so that we were very surprised <T51> by her sudden death. After having buried our mother, I, Henry, and Wilhelmine got the same disease and had to lie in bed for four weeks, but now we are again well.

William is at sea. He had visited us shortly before his mother's death. We received news that he was shipwrecked but he and the other crew members saved themselves to a small island. However, he is weakened so much by a long sickness that he believes he won't be able to return to sea.

Please, be so kind and send this letter to Kierulff and to the other relatives. I have been put so far behind in my business by my sickness and the hard loss of our mother which I miss everywhere, that I have little spare time to write a letter to everyone. Best greetings to you from your friend ....

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From: F.A.M.; To: W. Schluter.

Mr. W. Schluter, Office of the N.Y. Democrat.

Jacksonville, Nov. 20, 1853.

Last week I was again surprised by one of your weekly papers. I was very glad about as I was very interested in the story which it contained. Since I sent you a money order for the passage of a house-keeper I did not hear anything more from her.

Florida is a wonderful country - the soil - to be sure - is not as good as in the West, but in return we don't know cholera and the yellow fever. They Germans now begin immigrating here, too. Nature puts on her winter decorations. While some trees lose their leaves, the magnolia, the orange, and many other evergreen trees and bushes and plants are displaying their beautiful green leaves.

Hoping soon to hear from you, I remain ....

After having written these lines to you, the following plan came to me: I namely have so much beautiful land, only not enough hands to do all the work. I therefore would like to get a participant. There are many German gardeners near N.Y., the rent of land is high and the price of vegetables low, but here it is just the other way around, a bundle of onions costs $2, one bundle potatoes $2, one head of cabbage 18 cts., and so on.

Would you please, therefore, be so kind as to put the following ad in one of your papers which is suited best for this purpose and to send me a bill for it.

"A German gardener and owner of a farm close to J. in Fl. Looks for a companion for raising vegetables (what is extraordinarily advantageous here, for instance one head of cabbage for 18 cts.). A man with family with about 100 Taler is preferred. Please write to F.A.M., Jacksonville, Fl.

"My farm is situated four miles distant of J. at the St. Johns River and has a healthy, comfortable situation. My partner must be able and like to work, which obliges himself to the wanted management <T52> of the farm. From the profit the interests of the value of the farm, which I will put down as only $800 are put away as well as all expenses necessary for the management of the business, as food, buy of fertilizer, seeds, and increase of property. The leftover money will be divided equally.

"The inventory, wagons, plough, and other working tools as well as oxen, cows, and pigs, will be taxed [evaluated? - LPM] before the start of my companion, and by paying half of their value he will be accepted as co-owner. After the contract is put out of date these things will be taxed [evaluated?] again, given back to me and I will pay half of their value to the leaving partner, or we might decide on another way to settle this business.".

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From: F.A.M.; To: Emma Thompson.

<Written in English.> To Mrs. Emma Thompson, Philadelphia.

Nov 1853 [Asking her to come as housekeeper.].

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From: F.A.M.; To: Karoline Gerstenberg.

<T52, cont.> To Karoline Meissner, married Gerstenberg, in Kummerfeld near Hamburg.

Jan. 1854.

Dear Lina! It is already a long time since I heard from you and your desire to know how your father is doing does not seem to be very big. I often thought of you and would have written already earlier if my pride would not have detained me from it. I believed it to be the duty of a good child to take care for his father, but we don't want to talk about it any more.

Two years ago, we emigrated from Barnstable to Florida, where I hoped to find cheap land and a comfortable climate. I did not find my expectations deceived, but I made the mistake and went too far inland into a nearly entirely uncultivated and repulsive region. Here I (soon after my arrival( got sick and after having had all different kinds of fevers for a full year and stumbled around looking like a show, I decided to leave this place again and go back to Jacksonville (250 miles). Here it took me still another half year to get rid of the cold fever (which I got last), and finally my strength returned. Once I suffered under an infection of my bowels and I owe it to be still alive to Henry, who was sick least. He pulled me out of bed, put me into a sort of basin, and poured continually cold water over me and that on and on day and night. At least all hours I had to go into the water and this for many days, and he was sick himself. .

In the middle of last summer when we all got a little better, Mrs. Sennewald got dysentery and died within eight days and we could hardly bury her, when I, Henry, and Minna got the same disease, only Leonore stayed well. Since about two months we are all well enough to look after our business.

Mine and Lore serve in households in Jacksonville, and Henry is with me. William went to sea, was shipwrecked, and saved himself to a small island, where he was brought in a bad state to a inhabited island and probably died there, <T53> as we did not hear from him any more.

My house is in the middle of the farm, partly planted with beautiful pine and oak trees. I have here 100 acres of land. The region is generally considered to be very healthy, and the climate is very comfortable. In winter we have only slight night frost and in summer the heat is scarcely as high as in N.Y. or Boston.

I have written to Karl in autumn, but did not receive any answer yet. A letter from you where you honestly tell about your situation and conditions will please me very much (but no lies, please!). Once I heard the news that you are not happy with your husband and that he treats you badly and so on. I will hope that your conditions improved. If you answer, please include a "Daguerreotype" picture; without glass and frame it sure will be easy to put it into a letter. Take your youngest child in your arms when you have your picture taken.

Write also in which year and on which date you were born. Did you give my name to any of your children? Do the apple trees bear fruit which I planted? In a sowing mill, 1/4 hour from my house away, a German works among others. He is the son of a cow and pig herder in the region of Brunswick. His father gave him - when he was already 25 years old - a beating which he did not deserve. He ran off, worked a couple of years near Bremen for 25 Taler per year. He receives now 20 dollars and food per month and he has saved already $300 in a few years. Nobody will easily recognize a pig herder in him.

Henry usually drives a load of wood to town daily. This takes half a day and he receives a dollar for it. (All the money we had was used up by our sickness and even put us into debts.) The remaining time we use to improve our place and take care for a vegetable garden. Raising vegetables is here very profitable. One acre planted with cabbage and priced with only 12-1/2 cts (often it costs 18 and 25 cents) would product cabbage in the value $1000. It is easy to write it down on paper, but first fertilizer has to be made and the land has to be fenced in and the cabbage takes time to grow, too. If we only stay healthy we will make up for the lost time, but I must confess I nearly lost all my lust for life. My courage is broken. I don't see for what purpose I am living and laboring, only in order to die? - .

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From: F.A.M.; To: Karoline Gerstenberg.

<T54> Jacksonville, Feb. 1854.

Dear Lina! I wrote last autumn to Karl, but as I received no answer I suspected that my letter got lost. Last month I wrote a letter to you and let this one follow, too, so that at least one of them will reach you. I told you in my last letter that we emigrated from Barnstable to Florida, that I nearly was always sick here, that Mrs. Sennewald, who was always a true friend and nurse to me, died, and that I am living now alone with Henry on a farm near Jacksonville. This time I want to tell you more about my place and the region here.

If you take the map into your hand you will see that Fl. is the most southern state of the U.S. and consists of a long peninsula. The climate is like in Italy, neither cold nor hot and is considered to be very healthy. On the East Coast, where the peninsula starts, the St. Johns River flows into the ocean and here is Jacksonville, the main harbor of this river, which is here as wide as is the Elbe below Hamburg. My property, 100 acres in one piece, three to four times the size of the Ado, is close to the river, seven miles below Jacksonville, four miles by the land way. Steam and sailing ships which come from and go to sea, pass continually. All land not cultivated yet is used as a kind of pasture for all, whereto everybody sends his marked cows, oxen, horses, donkeys, and pigs, where they run around wild and by which the farmer loses all the manure. I have about 25 acres fenced in as a pasture and we lead our cattle every night to the dung-yard. We feed our pigs always in the stable. We also fenced in this winter a piece twice as big as your garden with boards, so that the wild rabbits could not come in and eat all of the young vegetables and plants.

When I think back of Kummerfeld and the bad and long way to my heath and how often I wished at that time to have all my land in one piece, I have to confess that I have now everything what I ever hoped for and wished. Part of my land is full of beautiful oak trees and part of it pine trees. A piece of marsh land close to the river does not give good hay but so much litter as I can use.

There are no singing birds at all in the North of America, and I often thought sadly of your nightingales, but here in the South is a bird which has the voices of all the other birds together and is called a mockingbird and whom I nearly prefer to the nightingale. When we work in the woods or in the country, one of them sits nearly in every bush and sings to us. They sing all summer long and are silent only a short time in winter. Besides the mockingbird there are many beautiful flowers which grow wild.

But you will think, one cannot live alone from birds and flowers; and so I have to tell you, too, that from nothing comes nothing, but I can grow so much on half an acre as you on the soil of Kummerfeld and one can hardly find anywhere else a better <T55> market than here. Milk is sold for six [SS?] per quart and cabbage for nine to 12 [S?] per head. I would be very happy here if I would have somebody who would take part in my joys and sorrows. Henry is a good boy and the best help when I am sick, but he is no child any longer. We celebrated yesterday his 16th birthday and he can easily get the idea to look around in the world. Then I am all alone. I wish you could come with your husband and children over here.

Write me - honestly - how things are - and send me a Daguerreotype picture of you (I asked you for it already in my last letter!), without glass and frame you can easily enclose it in a letter. Farewell and write soon to

Your loving father.

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From: Karoline Gerstenberg; To: F.A.M.

Kummerfeld, April 5, 1854.

Dear Father, I received your dear letter and picked it up myself from the post office. I was very happy about it, but I regret that you are all so sick. If you will have the fever again, have Henry put a rusty axe or iron over your bed for five days. That helped me once; maybe it will help you also. When the doctor came on the 5th day, the fever was gone and did not return.

I surely wanted to write sooner but I had no courage to trust my thoughts to the paper. Coming May 25, three years ago, my oldest died, my Georg Adolf died of an infection in his head. He was sick for three weeks, but there was no help. Where God does not help, all human help is lost. Three doctors were unable to do a thing. The headache increased day by day. He complained day and night; "Don't you want to get better, you old stupid head!" was always his exclamation. But the last week he lay unconscious, mouth and eyes closed. The morning before, he had opened his beautiful brown eyes and looked at all of us as if he wanted to say farewell. Then he closed them and never opened them again on this God's earth. After six days the Savior, the Angel of Peace came - death. This was very hard for us. But some time afterwards when I was going to write you about it you sent me a letter which took away all my courage to write. A little nut tree is growing on his grave. The trees I planted won't grow right.

All my other children - heaven be thanked! - are well and that is already a great happiness even if I don't have much otherwise. I don't ask too much from life anyway and it still can get better and only if it is easier to bear. Around here many children are sick and died, two or three in a house, all of scarlet fever. Hans Hurula's children (he was our former worker) all died but here behind the Odo the disease has not been yet. Heinrich is 5, Wilhelm three years old, and the youngest, a girl called Maria Louise, is nine months old.

The apple trees behind the ditch had much fruit last summer. It was a pleasure to see them; even the old tree was full. You could have had a few loads full; we did not have so much in many years. The fruits were cheap but wheat was expensive.

Uncle Karl was here with his letter. He wanted to write soon again, but the letter maybe did not come over. Marie lives with her father, since the old Aunt Magelsen is dead. They are both happy and contented. Uncle Karl seems to recover. Wilhelm was last summer with us, but he has nowhere peace and rest - travel is in his blood. All his thinking is directed toward the same thing. He wrote many a letter to you, but I don't know whether he mailed them and whether you received them. He went to sea as a sailor and hopes his lucky star will lead him to you, if he is not there yet or had an accident. Last summer Ullrichs lived with Ehlers in Ruicel. Lene became engaged there to a Mr. Rosenbusch from Pinneberg. She visited me often. eight days ago the wedding was in the "Golden Angel" (hotel!) in Hamburg, where Uncle Ullrich now lives. He wants to remarry.

Pinneberg gets bigger every day. One new house after another is built, many factories, new stores and so on. Two new pretty houses stand there where once the old barn at the Geheimrat's was. [Geheimrat = Privy Councilor - LPM.] In one of the stores lives the old Geheimrat's servant. Here one can buy American dung (guano). It is supposed to be very strong. Aunt Lotte tried last year buckwheat and had a nice crop. Her Gustav is in San Francisco. He is doing well, never writes of being sick. Guano costs 10 [SF?] 100 lb., but it only needs to be spread very thinly and harrowed together with the wheat. We want to give it a try also this year.

Our business is moderate; there is little more to do with the seeds. There are everywhere seed stores and salesmen go from door to door. But it is better with trees and bushes. They have to make up for the interest and taxes. We also have to buy now nearly all our groceries and everything is so expensive, but we hope the next crop will be better. We had a nice spring. Snow is gone since March and last year we had still so much snow in April.

Dear Father and Henry:This noon (Easter!) I also received your second letter with the beautiful flower which Henry probably picked for me. We also talked already about that Henry is 16 years old, but still a delicate youth. Our Lord may keep him healthy and give him strength to assist you. I also will wish that Wilhelm Meissner [son of F.A.M. brother Karl] may soon come to your aid. He is a robust guy and has a good heart. But where might he be? I believe he went along to Spain. <T380> He does not have the money to come straight to you and his father, who has still money from the inheritance, won't give him any.

It is not possible for me to send you my picture right away and to satisfy your impatience I will first send you a letter. It is also a metal plate and I will see how to make it possible to fulfill your request, because it is still too cold in the mornings and evenings to travel to the city with a small child, and without her the joy would be missing which shines out of her beautiful blue eyes. I also would like to have a picture of you two. Don't be now mad with me. I will surely send it soon to you. Have some indulgence with your Lina, because - believe me - I have many a sorrow, but I married against my mother's will. She herself made the first proposal, but you know how changeable she is, even if she wants only the best for me.

The advocate Kirchhoff does not live any more in Utersen. He has got a job somewhere in the country. Mr. [Mrs.?] Mideen Egersendt will soon marry her servant J. Teede and will also soon have a baby. Her husband died four years ago and her oldest son died of pneumonia in the same hour as my Georg. Her second son, Hans Heinrich, will become a farmer and Mr. T. has to leave with her young husband. [?? Son will take over the farm, so she has to find another place to live? - LPM] Mrs. Wilke is a rich widow. Her husband died of smallpox.

Dear Father, take a good housekeeper or a wife, and console yourself hereby. There won't be anything of us coming over. My children are small and my husband so proper - if you don't have the joy, you don't have the sorrow either. I don't have any interest in the strange world, the long trip, and the treacherous elements. Give my regards to dear Henry.

I was 27 years old on Nov 12.

Your loving daughter Karoline Marie Eleonore.

End:April 26.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Mr. O'Donnell.

A letter to Mr. O'Donnell, Coroner of the 19th Ward, N.Y., G. Limburg, N.Y., May 3 [1854].

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From: F.A.M.; To: John B. & G. Hahn.

Mr. John B. & G. Hahn, No. 15 Avenue A, N.Y. 2.

J. May 29 [1854].

Caused by your circular which I received with the 'Democrat," I want to ask you whether you can get a housekeeper for me. I live an hour's way distant from J. on a own farm at the bank of the St. J. River and raise vegetables. My wife died nearly a year ago. My oldest daughter is about to get married; my other children are all grown up and have all left their father's house with the exception of a boy of 16 years, who works with me on the farm. You therefore can see for yourselves that my household is only small (black workers have their own home), so that a girl of 14 years could manage it. It is often hard to find a new place for immigrants, who don't understand and speak the English language yet, and one of them I would prefer most. I rather take at all a country girl, as girls from the city hardly ever get used to such a life.

I want a decent, moral girl, who knows how to knit, sew, and cook a little. I will give her $50 per year and she will have enough time to make her own clothes; she does not need so many in the country here anyway than in the city.

In my consideration this is a good offer; besides that I am going to pay her passage and include some lines. If this should not be sufficient, I am going to send you the money; you must however take the time and find a passage for her. I would have enclosed the money right away if I could not have been afraid that the girl - after you paid her the money - would reconsider it and not come and my money would have been wasted. Ships from and to N.Y. arrive and take off daily, but as many arrive only with ballast, they won't be listed all in the newspapers. The usual <T56> passage costs $10 to $12. You must take the trouble to find a passage and to help her with her departure. I include $2 for your possible expenses and will not miss to pay your bill for all the troubles you will have.

Respectfully ....

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From: F.A.M.; To: W. Schluter.

Mr. William Schluter, Office of the N.Y. Democrat, N.Y.

Jackson, May 24, 1854.

I beseech you to put the enclosed $2 on my account for the 'Democrat.' In the beginning of the year your paper arrived regularly, but since a long time two or three issues come all together. No. 9 came with No. 14. This takes away all the value they have for me. I am convinced that you are not at fault, but the post office. A letter for which I waited with great desire took four weeks from Boston to down here. Everybody would rather pay more postage and have his things mailed to him properly.

Respectfully ....

The story which you edited now, I read already some time ago in and English paper.

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From: F.A.M.; to: Mr. A. Keilholz.

Mr. A. Keilholz in Quedlinburg.

May 29, 1854.

This is a try in order to find out whether it is possible to have seeds sent to me by you. Our best time for sowing is Sept. and only very fresh seeds grow in the warm climate here. This would make it necessary to mail the seeds already in the middle of August, at that time your crop might not be ripe yet. I enclose $2 in cash and I ask you to send me 1/4 lb. of big, round, Asiatic lettuce [seed]. I don't mind if you include some tulip [bulbs ?] and carnation seeds, and I will pay gladly the double price if I receive the two first mentioned goods very fresh.

In case one young boy (gardener!) among your friends would like to try his luck in America, he should be glad to find a home with me, when he arrives here. Ships from N.Y. arrive daily here; the passage is $8 to $10. Florida has a wonderful climate - neither hot nor cold. Oranges and a big number of evergreen beautiful and nice smelling bushes and flowers grow wild here and ornament the forests. ....

Send the seeds to the following address:

Mr. F.A. Meissner, J., Fl., U.S. of N.A.

In order to have them shipped on to the Agent of Adams & Co., North American Express in Bremen.

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From: F.A.M.; To: John B. Hahn.

<T57> Mr. John B. Hahn, Office of the N.Y. Democrat, (German paper), No 75 & 77 Chatham St., N.Y.

J., Florida, June 19, 1854.

I received your letter of June 6, a little bit late as Henry forgot to ask for mail at the post office. I am very happy that you could fulfill my request so promptly. I enclose $15.00; $10 to $12 is the normal price for a cabin on the ships which pass here. I beseech you to send along for the three or four necessary dollars about 16 lb. of fresh cocoa beans and two to four lbs. of good black tea. I bought the first mentioned goods for about 1/. And the last for 50 cts. per lb. You have to take care that the beans are not moldy [?]. It should be easy for you to find a passage. The captains have often their wives with them and I would prefer at any rate a Yankee captain to an Irishman. You will be so kind as to inform me as soon as know yourself when and by what ship your subject will take off. It would be best if she gets off the ship at the St. Johns Steam Sawmill (the owners are Daniels and Sanderson). In the house close to the bank lives Mr. Gardiner with his family. Mrs. Gardener surely has the way to my house shown to the girl by one of her children. But she cannot leave her suitcases so long remain there on the beach or maybe if she prefers to go first to J., she best asks for the shoemaker Petting, who works in a hut on the place where there was a fire, close to the wharves. Hoping that the selected girl will be fitting to my wishes at least to some extent, we want to make her stay as comfortable as possible. ....

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From: F.A.M.; To: John B. Hahn.

Mr. John B. Hahn, Office of the N.Y. Democrat, (German paper), No 75 & 77 Chatam St., N.Y.

Jacksonville, July 13, 1853.

To the latter..

In response to your letter of the 6th of last month, in which you told me you had found a housekeeper in the person of one of your wife's relatives, I sent you on the 19th of the same month the wanted traveling expenses with $15, but did not hear till today whether you received my letter with the money or not.

The Democrat has again neglected its weekly appearance since No. 19. Mr. Gutman, who owns with Mr. Mode a 'dry goods store,' wants to order it and asks you to send the paper under the address of Mr. Joseph Mode, J. Fl. I tried to find some subscribers, but the general excuse is that the German papers arrive so irregularly that it would not pay off the trouble to order them. Hoping to hear more from you.

I remain ....

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From: F.A.M.; To: Mr. Gieffen.

Mr. Gieffen, No. 77, [Bowery?], N.Y.

J., Fl., July 24, 1854.

I read an ad in the Democrat of the month of March, that you have German seeds for sale. As our time for sowing is much earlier I could make no use of your offer in the spring. Next month, <T58> however, we start here again to work in our winter garden, and as you probably have left some of your seeds, I ask you to send me a list of the prices and to cross out the kinds you don't have any more available. Do you have or can you get N.Y. Shallot onions and at what price?

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From: F.A.M.; To: John B. Hahn.

Mr. John B. Hahn, N.Y.

J. Fl. July 27, 1854.

I received your letter of the 16th on the 24th, but was unable to learn from it whether you received my letter of June 19 with the enclosed money or not. You say you could not find a fitting passage yet. I regret it very much. Only a few days ago a schooner went to N.Y., which had a very nice cabin and took a family of 12 persons for $100 along (mostly ladies). There is no steamboat going directly from N.Y. to Jacksonville, but steamers from Charleston and Savannah arrive two and three times a week here, which pass the ships from N.Y. on their way. Besides, I think a German country girl would not feel at home in a cabin of these big sea steamers among the American ladies with their black maids. I would have liked to learn the name, the age, and the former home of my future housekeeper. But maybe you want to surprise me. If it will be a nice one I don't mind. Please send my regards to your wife and the relative whom I soon shall be able to meet.

Your ....

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From: F.A.M.; To: John B. & G. Hahn.

Messrs. John B. & G. Hahn, No 15 Ave A, N.Y.

Jacksonville, Sept 7, 1854.

I would like to know whether you forgot my request fully. If you are unable to execute it I ask you to send back the money I gave you. During this time many beautiful and big ships arrived here, but none of them brought the Miss along and I have received no letter either since the last one from July 16. While other places suffer under cholera, yellow fever, and others, we enjoy here the best health. We had - to be sure - a very warm summer, but I did not hear of a single case, where somebody died of sunstroke.

My best regards to all ....

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From: F.A.M.; To: The Rev. Dr. Rose.

Revrd. Dr. Rose, Pastor of St. Matthews Church, Newark, N.J.

Oct. 1, 1854.

Your Honor! I received yesterday your letter of Sept. 13. The cause of this delay is probably the unreliability of the regular post business <T59> as the yellow fever is now in Savannah. According to your letter, Mrs. Limburg seems to be willing to accept the offer I made her some time ago and she still is welcome to me with her two children, if she thinks that she can be happy in the country and has the good will to take over the duties and common work of a housewife.

Concerning the traveling expenses, I have to say: Having received no answer to my letter from the coroner, I wrote to a certain John B. & G. Hahn in N.Y. (which offered themselves to do all sorts of things by newspaper) and told them to find a German girl for me as my housekeeper. Shortly afterward John B. Hahn, who works also as bookkeeper in the Office of the N.Y. Democrat, answered that he found already a girl fitting as my housekeeper. She is a relative of his wife, arrived from Germany only a short time ago, and if I would send the traveling expenses for her, he as well as Mr. Schluter (the publisher of the Democrat) would guarantee that the girl would travel to me as soon as she received the money. On June 19 I sent him $15; I had sent him already $2 some time ago and asked him - as the normal passage costs only $10 - to send some little things along for the remaining $5. Some time later I received a letter from J.B. Hahn saying he could not yet find a suitable passage. All my questions I wrote stayed unanswered. Considering that which happened, I would like you to make an attempt to get the money back from Mr. Hahn. I therefore include some lines to Hahn. I want you to use it for Mrs. Limburg's traveling expenses. In case Mr. Hahn should be a cheat and refuse to give the money back, I should think Mrs. Limburg's relatives can give her the travel money. It will hardly cost as much as the cost of living for one month in N.Y. The sooner she comes the better it is. Also it is now (in autumn) the best time to go south. Nearly daily ships go from N.Y. to J. which bring goods and take wood home. These make the trip often in four to five days. The usual passage is $10; children pay half and small children go free, but it might be possible as everything rose in price, that the passage got more expensive, too. The route by Savannah or Charleston by steamboat is closed now due to the yellow fever; we have here neither cholera nor yellow fever and enjoy generally a very good health.

I must be afraid to tire you out by my long letter. My best regards to Mrs. Limburg and her children. Please accept the assurance of my respect.

Devotedly, your ....

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From: F.A.M.; To: John B. & G. Hahn.

<T60> Mr. John B. & G. Hahn, No. 15, Avenue A, N.Y.

As you did not fulfil your plan to send a housekeeper to me and all my letters to you stayed unanswered, I request that you pay the money which I sent you as traveling expenses to Dr. Rose in Newark ....

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From: F.A.M.; To: The Rev. Dr. Rose.

[P.S.] I remembered to mention, as the mail delivery is so slow and unreliable here: In case Mrs. Limburg is able to arrive here before she receives another letter from me, she can get off the ship at the St. Johns sawmill, which is about four miles below J. and can ask for Mrs. Gardiner, the wife of the inspector, who lives close to the bank, for my address and have it shown to her by one of her children. Or - if she wants to go to J., she should ask for the shoemaker Petting, whose working-hut is near the wharves.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Karoline Gerstenberg.

Oct 8, 1854 [Inquiry about my letter of May.].

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From: F.A.M.; To: The Rev. Dr. Rose.

Revrd. Dr. Rose, Pastor of St. Matthews Church, Newark, N.J.

Nov. 8, 1854.

Five weeks passed already since I answered your letter on account of Mrs. Limburg, but I did not hear anything from you or her. I must be nearly afraid that your health got worse and keeps you from writing, but I should believe there would be still somebody else who can write a few lines to me. I included a money order for $15 in my letter which I asked you to collect and use for the traveling expenses for Mrs. Limburg. In case you made no use of it, I ask you to send the paper back. If I don't receive an answer within 14 days, I have to believe that Mrs. Limburg does not want to come and I won't feel myself bound any more to my promise.

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From: F.A.M.; To: The Rev. Dr. Rose.

Revrd. Dr. Rose, Pastor of St. Matthios Church, Newark, N.J.

Dec. 20, 1854.

Your Honor!

I have received your letter with the enclosed note. I liked it also that Mrs. Limburg did not come according to your mentioned conditions and circumstances. Maybe she would not have fitted in here, either. I was more interested to find a friend than a housekeeper. I find people for my work here, too, but the German tongue touches the heart, therefore I tried to get a fellow countrywoman. I enjoyed it to have met you at this occasion.

My grandfather was minister of the church in Schonbach in Saxony and held still a sermon on his 81st birthday. My father followed him in the same profession, but died young. Replying your good wishes for Christmas and the New Year, I remain ....

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From: F.A.M.; To: M. Schluter.

<T61> Mr. M. Schluter, public notary, No. 75 & 77 Chatham Street, N.Y.

Jacks., Dec. 25, 1854.

In spring I received with the 'Democrat' an announcement of Mr. John B. & G. Hahn, in which these gentlemen offered themselves for commission deals. As you accompanied this announcement in your paper with your recommendation, I feel myself entitled to ask you for information about these men. I asked these men to find a housekeeper for me by a letter, in which I enclosed $2. I mailed the same day $2 for your 'Democrat.' Shortly afterward I received a letter written on business paper of the 'Democrat,' in which Mr. J.B. Hahn indicated in your name to have received the $2 and told me in a postscript, as he is bookkeeper of the 'Democrat,' he uses the occasion to tell me that he found already a girl for me. She is a relative of his wife and so on. If I would send money for her traveling expenses she would come at once. "We," I quote, "as well as Schluter will guarantee you that the girl at once after your answer will depart; concerning the money you will be safe," unquote. June 19 I mailed a letter with $19 to Mr. Hahn. I sealed the money in presence of the postmaster. The promised housekeeper, however, did not arrive till the present day, so little as the money has been sent back to me. I therefore want to ask you whether the gentlemen Hahn are cheats, which I would believe at once if he would not be working in your office. Therefore I am willing to believe that it is caused by a negligence inexcusable for a business man. It is also strange that I received no answer to two letters, in which I also enclosed $2 and which I asked Mr. Hahn to mail for me.

Respectfully ....

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From: F.A.M.; To: Karoline Gerstenberg.

To Karoline Gerstenberg in Kummerfeld near Hamburg.

Dec 27, 1854.

Dear Lina! Also my last hope to hear from you at least for my birthday has been deceived. I received your letter, which you wrote on Easter, in May and answered it at once. I waited till October for answer - in vain. Then I wrote again to you and asked you fervently to answer me, but my expectations were not filled. If you would have had an accident, I should believe your husband would have informed me about it. I know that all your time is taken up by the care of your husband and children, but I still believe that you could spare 1/2 hour for your father. I cannot explain your long silence other but my letters to you have been burned.

<T62> Henry and I are still living together in peace in Florida. William is at sea, Wilhelmine in California, Eleonore works in a household -.

We have had an unusually hot and dry summer and also an early and cold winter. Already in the middle of Nov. the potatoes, beans, and Georgians [?] froze, but since a few days the weather is again warm and comfortable. Caused by the bad crops and the Turko-Russian war, flour and wheat is very expensive, but we have good and cheap meat. We buy usually (since we had the cold weather) every 14 days 1/4 oxen meat [a beef quarter? - LPM], what weighs only 80 to 100 lbs., the lb. for three cts. Now and then we also shoot a wild pig, so that we live nearly entirely on meat. Henry sometimes says, "If they would only know in Kummerfeld how beautiful inexpensive meat we have!".

When we go up in the morning around six o'clock (the sun rises now at seven and sets at 5), one of us fixes breakfast, usually tea with beefsteak, cereal with syrup, while the other takes care of the oxen, cows, and pigs. After breakfast we both start working. At noon we rarely take the time to fix us something. In the afternoon one of us drives usually a load of wood to town, and when he comes home, the other has cooked a nice supper, coffee with roast or meat, sweet potatoes, rice, and so on. After supper we read the paper, mend our socks, or visit a neighbor. We usually put down our dirty bowls and plates so long, till all the clean ones are used of. Then we spend one evening doing dishes. Henry washes and I dry them. Nobody surpasses us in this region in baking white bread. The neighbors often say that they want to send their wives to us in order to learn how to make bread.

We both are well and fine, but all summer and autumn long we raised nearly nothing on account of the weather. We hope now for spring. This morning a young sow had six merry piglets (a birthday present), five sows and a boar. They will be all raised for breeding. These little pigs could have again six pigs next fall and so on and on. If only things don't happen to me like the girl with the milk-pot [in a fairy tale]. Some days ago we bought a wild bull, whom we teach now to pull and he is doing pretty good. Two years ago I bought two. After having them caught and tied with ropes we put the yoke on. They both went really wild, they bit, hit, tore, and raged. Next morning they had broken their necks. One hit me on my foot. I had to lied down lame for four weeks and had terrible pains.

But that's enough for now. We wish that all of you celebrated Christmas as healthy and well as we, but a little bit merrier and that you may step into the New Year in the same way. We thank our Lord for His grace that He let us travel till here and ask Him to give you and us His protection farther on.

Your loving father!

What did ever become from Wilhelm Meissner [son of brother Karl]?

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From: F.A.M.; To: Postmaster of Pinneberg.

<T63> To the Postmaster of Pinneberg.

Dec 27, 1854.

As my two letters (I wrote one in June and the other in October) to my daughter stayed unanswered, I take the liberty to ask you to give the enclosed letter and all the following letters from now on to my daughter personally. Please let me know through my daughter whether you can remember the two letters mentioned above going through your hands. Hoping you won't mind my request I sign ....

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From: F.A.M.; To: Mrs. Weber.

To Mrs. Weber from Gotha in Saxony, Care of Henry Bick, No. 139 & 141, Liberty Street, N.Y.

Dec. 30, 54.

I read in the paper that you intend to visit your husband. I certainly don't know you at all - your profession, your conditions, etc. ..., but I want to make you an offer: In case you should be unable to find your husband or you want to take a job as a housekeeper until you have found him, my house is open to you. My wife died two years ago and only my youngest son, a 16 year old boy, is still with me. I have a farm of my own close to town and raise vegetables for the market. I was moved to make you this offer by the wish to have a fellow countrywoman around me and maybe to do her a favor. I cannot pay you very much but you will find a friendly reception. If you would like to come, please do so right away. We have no winter here, only weather like in autumn. Nearly daily ships go from N.Y. to J. The passage is $10 to $12, which I will pay you back. In J. you best ask for the boat maker Petting, a German who lives close to the wharves. He will gladly show you the way to me. Best wishes to you from.

Your unknown friend ....

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From: F.A.M.; To: Karoline Gerstenberg.

Postscript to Lina's letter:

Jan 7, 1855.

When I was carrying the letter above to the post office, I received your letter of Nov. 15. My poor Lina, how hard an ordeal you had to go through in the last years. How patiently you carry your burden, how you try to excuse Gerstenberg. One day he will be sorry to have forfeited his happiness in such a way. What else does he want? He has a young, pretty wife and healthy children, the greatest happiness there is in this world, and what does he do? Always fights with my poor Lina.

<T64> Don't lose your courage, dear Lina. Look upon me as your friend. But you have to write more often to me, at least every quarter year a letter, do you hear? Maybe times will get better. Believe me, I have a hard life too. When we returned again from Enterprise to Jacksonville I owed $40. Now we recover again a little. If only Henry's mother would be still alive, my dear, faithful friend, the thrifty housewife, but she sleeps under the green lawn in the little flower garden before my door. As long as one owns a precious thing one does not realize its value. Henry is now my only consolation. I have changed a lot, too. I am not only shaken by the long sickness, but also changed to the better. Only very rarely a cuss word comes out of my mouth any more.

My poor brother is now entirely alone, too. Did Marie die of consumption, too? It seems to me that I am not supposed to receive much of happiness on this earth. The best years of my life are over. If I would have started 30 years ago there where I am now, I maybe would have had success. Maybe Henry will be more successful. He is industrious and thrifty. If he stays that way and will find once a good life, he might become happy.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Mr. R.A. Witthaus.

Mr. R.A. Witthaus, President of the German Co. in N.Y.

Jan 8, 1855.

Dear Sir! I saw your address from a German newspaper, which mentions everywhere your efforts to soothe the accident, when the ship "New Era" broke apart. I know from experience how hard it is for a newcomer to find place to go to, and as I need a housekeeper, maybe you can find a fellow countrywoman for me. As your company - if I understand right - is a sort of reception place, and so I am doing her as well as me a favor.

I own a farm (100 acres) in J. My good wife died two years ago and only my youngest son, a lively 16 year old boy, is still at home and works with me on the farm. We raise vegetables for the market. The region is healthy (we never had cholera or yellow fever here!) and the climate is nice. My peas are in blossoms. Several young Germans work around here, who all would like to raise a family, but they need wives. The work in my house is light. I would like best an orphaned girl, 12 to 18 years old, which I would like to accept as my daughter.

<T65> Ships from N.Y. arrive nearly daily here. The passage is $10 to $12 and takes about four to five days. I will gladly pay the passage and a good salary. If you should be able to find a woman or girl, who would want to come here, please be so kind as to let me know about it.

Respectfully ....

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From: F.A.M.; To: Mrs. Caroline Weber.

Mrs. Caroline Weber, No. 396, 12th Street, N.Y.

Feb. 19, 1855.

When I read your summons some time ago in the papers, I thought you had just arrived from Germany and how unhappy you must be feeling in this big, strange city, if you were unable to find your husband. I therefore wrote to you and offered you a job in my home. You lived at that time still in the 'Hambacher Castle.' I don't know whether you received my letter. Now I read in the papers that you did not find your husband yet. Maybe he is already dead for a long time. Last summer many Germans passed away everywhere. You live now with your two children in No. 396, 12th Street. I hope my letter will reach you at this address.

In case you are unable to find your husband, I will renew my former offer. Come to me with your children (I am born Saxon, too), we will receive you friendly. You can take over my household (My good wife died two years ago). If you have no money for the trip, I will send it to you. Write me a few lines, even if you have located your husband, about what I would be very happy. I enclose an envelope with my address. All you have to do is to enclose your letter. Best regards to you from your unknown friend ....

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From: F.A.M.; To: Consul of Saxony in N.Y.

To the Consul of Saxony in N.Y.

Feb. 19, 1855.

As I don't know your name, I write these few lines to you under the address above. I would like to ask you - if your other business and affairs allow to do so - to do some small business in N.Y. for me. I own here a farm, where I raise vegetables and need something from there now and then. Expecting your kind reply, I sign ....

F.A.M. from the Kingdom of Saxony.

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From: F.A.M.; To: J.B. Hahn.

Mr. J.B. Hahn, No. 123, Bowery [?], N.Y.

Feb. 25, 1855.

According to your letter of Feb. 7, you seem to feel hurt by my letter to Mr. W. Schluter, but as I had not the pleasure to know you personally, I could only judge by the circumstances. However, I will be pleased to change my ideas about you at any time. After having written several letters - which all were unanswered - and waited besides that for another half year without hearing from <T66> you I wrote to Mr. Schluter. I will have it undiscussed whether this betrays so big a folly as you seem to indicate. A short time ago I received an answer to one of my letters, which you were so kind to mail for me to Germany and I inform you now about it for your justification. Adams & Co. have an agent in J. I am sorry that your relative could not make up her mind earlier to go and so I missed the pleasure of meeting you more intimately.

Respectfully ....

She would not have felt as lonely as you were afraid of, as there are here several married and unmarried young Germans and I like to see friends at my house. My neighbors, farmers of here, have grown-up daughters.

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From: F.A.M.; To: William Schluter.

Mr. William Schluter, N.Y.

March 12, 1855.

I received your bill by last mail. In case Mr. Hahn did not mail the money yet back to me, as he promised in his letter after his return to do so at once, I would like you to keep back the $2.50 I owe you and have Mr. Hahn send the remaining amount to me.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Ferdinand Karck.

Mr. Ferdinand Karck, N.Y.

April 16, 1855.

Since receiving your last letter, nearly a full year passed. Hard sickness and death in my family hindered me at that time to answer you. Later on I received a letter from my daughter which moved me to leave this affair in peace.

As I am still in your debt I would like you very much to collect a little debt in N.Y. for me. Some time ago, a certain John B Hahn offered himself in an ad in the N.Y. Democrat to take care for commission deals. I ordered him to find a German girl or housekeeper for me. He answered at once that he had found a fitting person, a relative of his wife; if I would send the traveling expenses he would guarantee that she would come at once, after having received the money. I sent $15 to him. I had sent him $2 already some time ago. After having waited for a full half year and neither a housekeeper nor answer to my letters arrived, I wrote to Mr. W. Schluter, publisher of the Democrat, for whom Mr. Hahn worked at that time as bookkeeper. I received then a letter from Mr. Hahn, in which he promises to send the money back at once. In case Mr. Hahn should refuse to pay you, I ask you to keep the letter in the meantime for me, which I enclose. Respectfully ....

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From: F.A.M.; To: J.B. Hahn.

<T67> Mr. J.B. Hahn, No. 18, Bowery, N.Y.

J. Florida, April 12, 1855.

I ask you to pay the fifteen dollars I sent you to Mr. Ferdinand Karck or to his order.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Karoline Gerstenberg.

Continuation of Lina's letter: April 14 [1855].

I have not received the things from N.Y. yet, but I want to finish the letter up, that I can mail it as soon as they will have arrived.

The winter has now passed. The pasture is full of grass. After having lost a cow and an ox, the bad luck seems to take a rest for right now. We have wonderful lettuce (5 cts. per head), radishes (5 cts. per bundle), peas ($1 per 'spint' [pint?]), asparagus, carrots (2 cts. per piece), and cabbage (12 cts. per head).

I have only a few left from the trees and plants you sent to me to Barnstable. A fire red honeysuckle blossoms for four weeks already so bright, as I never saw before. The only vine I still have made a 16 foot long shoot last summer. Henry has a peach tree, which is only one year old and blossomed already.

May 3:I close the letter as I don't want you to wait so long. May our Lord help, that your next letter does not announce another misfortune. If you can answer me at once, I would like you to send me one lot Asiatic lettuce, two lot big round Magdeburg cabbage, 1/2 lot early black-red cabbage, one lot medium sized hard German or Lubsdor and one lot pointed Windelsteiner. Put the seeds into small capsules into a letter and give or mail it to Robert Slomann in Hamburg and ask him to put it into the mail sack of the earliest ship going to N.Y. Stick the enclosed stamps on the envelope, one for each 'lot.' ['Lot' was a German weight - M. Camphausen. ... About one oz, more or less-LPM.] If I should make use of the seeds, it is necessary for me to get them in August. Last date is the beginning of September.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Ferdinand Karck.

Mr. Ferdinand Karck, N.Y.

May 28, 1855.

On April 16 of this year I sent you a few lines and included a money order for $15 for Mr. Hahn, which I asked you to collect for me. Having received no answer yet, I would like to ask you whether Mr. Hahn has paid the money to you and I would to ask you to send it to me by mail (after having deducted the amount I owe you).

Respectfully ....

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From: F.A.M.; To: Fr. Meissner.

<T68> Mr. Fr. Meissner, 169 Front Street, N.Y., Box 3028 [Maybe a box intended for F.A.M. was sent to him?].

J., May 28, 1855.

I received your kind letter. The gentlemen W.F. & Co. informed me about it some time ago and offered themselves to take care for this affair for me, but I did not hear any more about it. The small box with the Daguerreotypes has been sent to me by Adams Express. Only the shovels are kept back now, which have a particular shape, as the same in the region of Holstein, where they are used to dig out the roots of the trees (Here they are used to dig up the small palm trees) and I hope they will be of good service to me.

As I have no friends in Germany I could turn to, I take liberty to ask you to remind Mr. Schmidt of them occasionally. I am a farmer, own a farm near J., was born in Schonbach in the Oberlausitz, where my father and grandfather were ministers. I have not found my name in America anywhere, with the exception that I read yours a few times in the German letter list. It would be a pleasure for me to extend our acquaintance.

Respectfully ....

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From: F.A.M.; To: Ferdinand Karck.

Mr. Ferdinand Karck, Consul of Hamburg in N.Y.

July 3, 1855.

In spite of all the search, it is impossible for me to find your letter in which you billed me for your expenses. I remember, however, very well that I read it, when I wrote my last letter to you and that your expenses amounted to $4 and a few cents, so that they should be paid by $5.00. I want to thank you for your kindness you bestowed upon me at any time and if wind and weather allow it (as the fisher is used to say, from which the farmer is as much dependent as they,) I will try to fill your table next Christmas with the favorite dish of Hamburg - young May peas. Asking for your further sympathy, I sign ....

If I would not be afraid to appear immodest, I would like to make again use of your kindness. I namely received in February of this year three shovels from Hamburg with the 'Copernicus' [ship?] and as I did not want to trouble you with this trifle I addressed them to Mr. Jos. Grive, who was the agent for the 'Jacksonville Packets [boats? - LPM],' at the time I ordered the shovels. When the shovels arrived, the 'Packets' had gone out of business. Mr. Jos. Grive transferred the care of things to Mr. U.T. Schmidt. You can learn the details from the enclosed letter which I ask you to either send it to Mr. S., or - if it's not too much trouble for <T69> you, to tell him at the same time that you want to meet his demands for me.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Ferdinand Karck.

Mr. Ferd. Karck, N.Y.

Sep. 3, 1855.

I answered your letter of June 18 on July 5, and included some lines to Mr. W.F. Schmidt & Co. As I have had a reply neither from you nor from Mr. Schmidt, I take the liberty to ask you whether you received my letter.

Respectfully ... .

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From: F.A.M.; To: Rev. Mr. Frier.

<Written in English.> Revd. Mr. Frier, Clyattville, Lowndes County, Georgia.

10 Oct 1855 [excerpt].

Dear Sir, You remember, I hope, the German who you was pleased to pay a visit ... I wish you would please to introduce me to your wife and daughter Sarah Ann with who I have not the pleasure to be acquainted. Miss Dowling tells me that you have plenty wool and Mrs. Frier, your daughters Miss Sarah and Mary know how to spin and knit the same. The winter is approaching and the stockings for sale in town are not worth buying, so I take the liberty to ask you if not Miss Sarah or Mary will take the trouble to knit for myself and my son Henry some good stockings ... I enclose Four Dollars. [Sent apparently but delayed in mail - probably received finally.].

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From: F.A.M.; To: Ferdinand Karck.

<T69, cont.> Mr. F. Karck, N.Y.

Jacks., Oct 22, 1855.

On Sept 22, I took liberty to remind you of my letter of July 5. I did not hear from you nor from Mr. W.F. Schmidt, to whom I enclosed some lines in your letter, since that time.

Mr. Schmidt & Co. offered themselves to take out a little package, containing three spades or shovels for me from the Custom House, and I asked you to compensate Mr. S. for his expenses which he had while doing so. As I found your two lost letters concerning the certificate I sent to you again, I can tell you exactly the expenses you billed me for:

Expense for the notary, $1.50; Consul $2.00; Postage, $0.60; Other postage, $0.40; [Total: ] $4.50.

Hoping soon to hear from you again, I sign ....

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From: F.A.M.; To: Karoline Gerstenberg.

To Karoline Gerstenberg.

Oct. 22, 1855.

Dear Lina! As I have heard from somebody that you expected your delivery in May, and as your letter made me wait too long, I was worried already very much about you. I was therefore the more surprised to see that everything went fine and I hope that your children will have come safely past the whooping cough. I have had this autumn again two ugly fever attacks. The last one keeps me still in my room. Henry suffered too, but not as bad.

I finally received your picture. Freight and expenses amounted to 20 [F?] in your currency. I have not received yet the spades from N.Y., although I wrote already about 20 letters on their account.

I received your last letter in the middle of Sept., and as a long lasting heat wave and drought had ruined all my cabbage, your seeds came like from Heaven. German and Magdeburg cabbage <T70> did well, the lettuce did not come [up] at all and the other kinds only very weakly. I am curious how big the Cretan cabbage is going to be. Your picture is a great joy for me, but I would not have recognized you on the first look. However, the longer I look at it now, the more familiar it seems to me. One can read from your son's face how surprised he is about it all. I would like to send you our pictures, but there is no photographer here and beside-I want to recover first a little.

You did not get me right about the stamps. I concluded that you would make letter and seeds into a small package and to put on a stamp for every 'lot.' The letter alone would have needed only one stamp. I received it however without further expenses.

So James Booth died. You did never mention anything about Heidenes either as little as you mention your husband. If your son would not prove the contrary, I should believe you won't have one any more. What is the name of your oldest son? I can find his name in no letter. [Heinrich, b. abt. 1849? - LPM].

You don't seem to want to make use from my offer to look upon me as your friend. You don't mention anything about your family life. Is the place still in your husband's name and how are you able to make a living and pay the interest? Already 10 years have passed since I left Hamburg and we never talked about business. Does my money still stand there where it stood, did you take on a greater mortgage, or did you pay part of it off, do I lose some of my rights if I demand no interest? I would like to know very much about this and I ask you to get the information for me, if you yourself don't know about it.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Mr. Daniels.

<Written in English.> Mr. Daniels, St. Johns Mill near Jacksonville.

25 Oct 1855 [excerpt].

... I will sell you my farm for $500 - viz., $400 I owe on a mortgage, $14 interest, [$86 otherwise: ] my little part for my improvements.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Ferdinand Karck.

<T70, cont.> Mr. Ferdinand Karck, N.Y.

Jacks., Nov. 19, 1855.

I have received your letter of Nov. eight and I am very obliged to you for the trouble you had to learn something about my package. Concerning the alleged expenses of Mr. Schmidt, I cannot understand very well in what they should consist. If Adams & Co. accepted the package, they have to pay also the freight and Custom House taxes and as Mr. Schmidt, after having made the offer to take care for the things, left me entirely in uncertainty about it all, I feel myself at no rate obliged to him. Would you please [be] so kind as to send me my assets of $10 in S. Carolina money by mail, and credit the cents for the postage expenses you had a short time ago.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Karoline Gerstenberg.

<T71> Continuation of Lina's letter, November [1855].

I just heard from N.Y. that the shovels got lost in the Custom house. - I have planted already 1000 plants from the cabbage seeds you sent me and I have at least still the same amount.

The enclosed printed piece of paper is from a medicine which has often helped me. You should be able to get the prescription for it from Dr. Jessen. Hufland was a famous German doctor, and probably Mr. Jessen has his writings and the prescription in them. You would do me a great favor by doing so, but the names of the single ingredients have to be written down clearly and the quantity has to be shown not by the usual Dr. signs but by distinct words.

Although I don't have much to spare, as my continuing sickness has put me far behind, I cannot miss the pleasure to make you a small joy for Christmas - for every one of you - and for me, too, namely the thought how happy your children will be. Farewell, your Father ....

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From: F.A.M.; To: Ferdinand Karck.

Mr. Ferdinand. Karck, N.Y.

Jacks., Dec., 1855.

Today I have the pleasure to send you a small box of May peas by steamer Carolina to Charleston, care of steamboat agent, and I ask you to have them called for in the steamboat office in N.Y. Wishing you a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year, I remain ....

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From: F.A.M.; To: Ferdinand Karck.

To the above.

Jan 10, 1856.

I want to inform you by these lines that I have received your letters with the $10 enclosed. I want to thank you deeply for your kindness, and wishing you a Happy New Year, I sign.

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From: F.A.M.

<Written in English.>.

July 27, 1856 [First letter from Mt. Pisgah, Wis. - having trouble getting mail.].

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From: F.A.M.; To: Karoline Gerstenberg.

[<T71>, cont.].

Mount Pisgah, Monroe County, Wisconsin.

Aug 3, 1856.

Dear Lina! I have received your letter of January and was very happy about it. You have passed silently over my questions about the place and the money. I can very well imagine the cause of it, but trusted you with a little bit more honesty.

We [FAM and Henry-LPM] have moved again, as you will have learnt from the address. The southern climate had such an unnerving effect upon my spirit and body, that I hardly had the strength any more for my decision to move again. After having tried out the North, the East, and the South, we traveled to the 'Promised Land,' the West of America. The trip by steamers and trains took us four weeks. It is today exactly two weeks, that we arrived here. We built us during this time a cabin and made about 4000 lbs. of hay.

<T72> A small valley on the roots of a mountain, which is the origin of a beautiful creek, is our present home. We have beautiful oak trees, wonderful meadows, and the best soil you can imagine. Corn, wheat, barley, and oats thrive all well, (not to forget the beautiful water, which clear as crystal and cold as ice bubbles out of the mountain). On top of the mountains is a wonderful pasture for thousands of sheep.

The region was inhabited by red Indians still only a few years ago. Daily emigrants, coming from the old States, pass our door; first comes a big wagon, pulled by four oxen, covered by a sheet, with the most necessary household articles and the children. The man pushes the wagon and behind him the other family members follow with the cows, pigs, and sheep.

As we had to sell everything and the trip was very expensive, we look forward to hard times. We still have to have broken this autumn six to eight acres of land (it costs $4 per acre), we have to build a house and to split three to 4000 oaken boards, as all the planted land has to be fenced in [diagram], and we have to live off an empty pocket until the next crop. But we don't lose our courage for that reason.

As I am living now again in a moderated [cooler] climate, I would like to have again some seeds from you, but they have to be fresh and you have to mail them still before the Elbe is freezing. I have no money right away but I will take care to pay you next autumn. Pack the seeds in a box or into a barrel and mark it F.A.M. and send it to Ferd. Karck in N.Y. Write a few lines to F.K., include the loading receipt, and ask him to send the barrel to me. Write me after my letter arrives whether I can expect your seeds with certainty and mention what you maybe are unable to send.

Give my regards to your husband and children.

Your ...

I want to have from the things listed below only these you have the opportunity to collect the seeds yourself. I am especially interested in the things I underlined.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Wilhelm Meissner.

[1856].

Dear [nephew] Wilhelm. I learned from one of Lina's letters, that you arrived again at home and that with a stiff leg.-In case you should be still interested to come to this country, you can here easily acquire a small farm of your own by being industrious and thrifty. As you have been already at sea, you could easily come with a ship to N.Y. and you could not only pay your passage, but make some money besides. It would be best if you would bring a wife along. You can stay <T73> with me for the time being. The trip from N.Y. to here will cost about $30 per person. If you want to come over, I will write more details. Give your father the best regards from your uncle.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Karoline and Georg Gerstenberg.

Mount Pisgah, Monroe County, Wisconsin.

[1856].

Dear Lina! I hope you received my letter of the beginning of August, in which I sent you an order for seeds. I just thought in the meantime that it would not raise the expenses much to have me sent a box with shrubs and trees at the same time. The following things are about all I want to have ...

Dear Gerstenberg. I have asked Lina to send me some seeds and others and I wanted to ask you to help her selecting and packing them. The seeds have to be packed probably alone for themselves into a box or barrel, the Georgines and shrubs into a second one between dry moss and you can put the potatoes loosely on top in order to fill up the barrel. I can sort them out again afterwards.

Besides these I would like you to pack another box, about four feet long and three feet high and wide, with fruit trees and bushes. Please cut hard into the roots and cut off the wood from all kinds of things with roots, like roses and bushes, with the exception of one or two inches. Dry the moss and press it as hard as possible. You can modify my list according to the space in the box and your supply. It would be good if you would dig holes into the box, as the things get easily hot on the ship.

Mark the boxes F.A.M., 1, 2, and 3, and send them to Mr. F. Karck in N.Y. Write some lines to him, whereby you tell him the contents of the boxes (on account of the Customs!), namely: No. 1 = one box white seeds, No. 2 a box with plants, No. 3 a box with shrubs. If the freight is not too expensive by steamboat, I would like you to do so. The postage from N.Y. to here costs four cents (that is more than 2 ?) per lb. You will therefore understand that all unnecessary weight has to be avoided.

I would like to write more but our work is so urgent, that we have no time, we are just building our house, I have already dug out the cellar. I hope that you and all your dear ones will receive this letter in good health. We are living now in a beautiful, healthy region, and have the best soil. I wish I could send you about 10 acres of it. Farewell, and fulfill the request of your ...

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From: F.A.M.; To: Messrs. Comstock, Terre, & Co.

<Written in English.> Messrs. Comstock & Terre & Co. Wethersfield, Conn.

23 Feb 1857 [excerpt].

... The Indian wigwams remain still in the woods but the inhabitants are nearly all gone. ... I send you a list of seeds ... You will oblige me if you spare me some paper for bags because I want to sell some of them seeds to my neighbors; and them Dutch hoes I can't get here, so I wish you would get me a couple without handle so that you can put them in the box with the seeds. ... [Send] c/o Henry Meissner, American House.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Miss Sallie Stafford.

<Written in English.> Miss Sallie Stafford, Wallingford, Vermont.

Mar 8, 1857.

Dear Miss. My newspaper tells me that you are to become a mother without having a husband, or a father for your child; now if you are what I fancy you to be, if you have a zest for country life, think you could love and would like to marry a man of 50-you may become both. At home your misfortune will always be a stain on your fair character but here you may go for a widow and nobody would know.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Henry Meissner.

<Written in English.> Henry M.-Muscoda Wis.

27 Mar 1857 [excerpt].

... I wish you would come home [by] the First of May.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Henry Meissner.

<Written in English.> Henry M.-Muscoda Wis.

6 Apr 1857 [excerpt].

... If you dont come home all our work we have done already on the farm would be lost and I should have to go and hire me out myself ...

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From: F.A.M.; To: Ferdinand Karck.

<T74> April 6, 1857.

Mr. Ferd. Karck, C. of H. in N.Y.

Dear Sir! I just received a letter from my daughter, dated Hamburg, March 3, whereby she announces that she mailed a cargo of shrubs and plants for me under your address. I therefore would like to ask you to send this cargo at once after arrival to Mr. N. Hintgen, La Crosse, Wisconsin, where I will have to pick it up. I leave it up to you whether you want to send it by freight line or by express. I am interested that the cargo is not too long on the way and then again, that the costs are not too high. You will be so kind, I hope, to pay the freight from Hamburg, which probably is little. I would send you the money hereby, if I would not be so short momentarily.

I moved out of Florida last autumn, because the warm climate did not agree with my health. Since I moved here I naturally had to live out of my pocket. Groceries are here partly higher in price here than in N.Y. Bread is 15-20 cts., butter 30 cents.-The cause for this is that the region was evacuated by red Indians only a few years ago and so many new settlers arrive.

In case you have opportunity to give advice about the choice of a region to one of our countrymen, you can confidently send him here. I have tried the North, the East, and the South, and would have gone to the West much earlier if I would not have read and heard so much about the fevers there. This is true for the great 'Prairies," too, where there is no wood and water. Therefore nearly all of my neighbors left all the other regions. We have wonderful springs, which never freezes in winter and in summer is cold as ice. We have enough wood for fire and fencing and very good soil. The yield is 20 to 40 bushels wheat per acre, 50 to 75 bushels corn, and the same with barley, and two to 300 bushels potatoes. But these things will have little interest for you.

Assuring you my deepest respect I remain your devoted ...

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From: F.A.M.; To: Henry Meissner.

<Written in English.> Henry M.-Muscoda Wis.

17 Apr 1857 [excerpt].

... I am glad that the seeds have arrived ... it would be as well for you to come ... and carry the box for your trunk ... everybody is asking for you and wants to know when you are coming home. I expect you positive not later than the first of May ...

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From: F.A.M.; To: Mr. J.B. Elston.

<Written in English.> Mr. J.B. Elston, Wis[consin?] H[ouse?], Muscoda, Wis.

17 Apr 1857 [excerpt].

Dear Sir. I want my son Henry Meissner who is to work for you to be home as soon as possible at latest the First of May, I cant get along this spring without his help ...

[Several pages cut away.].

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From: F.A.M.; To: Sallie Stafford.

<Written in English.> Sallie Stafford, Wallingford, Vermont. [Not sent? (see last paragraph)].

Aug 16, 1857 .

My dear friend: Only a few days ago I wrote to you and again I have the pen in my hand for the same purpose-don't you think I am foolish. I have a great mind to burn your first two letters but I shall have to preserve them to cool me off when I am getting too warm.

As it is the only way I know of to make you acquainted with myself, I will write my own biography for you, if you will have patience enough to read a very long letter.

I was born on the 27th day of December 1804, in the village of Schonbach (Handsome Brook) in the Kingdom of Saxony. Saxony is called the garden of Germany and celebrated not only for the beauty and scenery of the country but for works of art and science, and handsome women.

The young mechanic when he starts on his first journey sings: [German words, followed by English translation: ] "I will travel to Saxony where pretty girls grow like apples on the tree." One of our most popular writers (Burges) sang the praise of the Saxon girls. The answer to his poem by a Sweden girl is a much frequented country air. It runs thus: [German words, followed by English translation: ] "I am a Sweden girl and not so well educated as the Saxon girls who read the parts [drama?] and play the piano and whose manners are said to be as sweet as honey.."

Now I must tell you before I resume my narrative: In Europe there are three distinct classes of society, the Lower, the Middle, and the Higher. The first mentioned comprises Workmen, Peasants, and Mechanics. In my native state this class can all read and write. The second class is composed of Lawyers, Preachers, Doctors, Merchants, and of the farmers and all learned and well educated men. The higher class is formed of the Nobility up to the King. Money gives little or no rank but distinguished men of the second class are freely admitted in the circles of the upper class.

My grandfather [Christian Friedrich Meissner, 1721-1802] was Pastor on the Church (Lutheran) of the village. My father [Ernest Friedrich Meissner, 1764-1817] followed his father in office in the same Parish but died when I was about 10 years old [actually 12 y 5 m-LPM]; two years later my mother [Juliane Eleanore Seidel, abt. 1768-abt 1820; see <T206>] died also. I was placed in the care of an uncle who was Gardener to the King of Saxony. Dresden is the capital of the state and the residence of the King. We lived in a beautiful garden in the suburbs of this city. Large glass houses was filled with rare exotic plants. [Pilnitz?-LPM] From here I went to school and have seen and tasted many of the luxuries of higher life. I had the privilege of visiting the opera, the theater, and masked balls. I remember well that I often forgot the play on stage resting my eyes on one of the Princesses whose beauty fascinated me.

After I had got through with my schooling another uncle of mine who had made his fortune as a Merchant wanted me to follow his vocation, but after two years trial I could not stand it longer-his office was like a prison for me. I urged so long on my Guardian till he placed me in an Institution where farming was taught as a science. When I was about 19 years old [1823?] I went to America but finding in the Western wilds that knowledge availed nothing, and having before my departure from Hamburg fallen in love, I got homesick and went back. I stopped in Hamburg and after waiting a while till I was of age, I married [on 2 Feb 1827 to Elise Henriette Sophie Fredericke VON MITHOFEN, b 12 Mar 1806-see <T206>.-actually FAM was 22 years old. Karoline was already born Nov 1826-LPM].

My means was only small-I went to gardening and soon attracted the attention of Mr. Booth & Co., seed growers and merchants (see supplement no. 1). I was placed as head gardener in their large establishment. After a few years I established myself (see supplement no. 2). I bought a small farm, planted a nursery, and raised garden seeds. I toiled hard and succeeded well. I planted a large orchard, I built a new house 72 feet long and 52 feet wide (80,000 bricks was used so) [This is the house in Kummerfeld that is probably still standing-LPM] and may have now reaped the fruit of my labors and dwelled in comfort, but owing to some dissatisfaction, the idea took hold of me to start for America again. My first born daughter Karoline married a young man [m. Georg Gerstenberg 1 Aug 1847] who was gardener with me. I put her in possession of my property.

I left with my wife [some mystery here-LPM] and four children William, Wilhelmina, Leonore, and Henry, and arrived the second time at New York (Oct 20 1845). In New York I got acquainted with a gentleman who owned a large farm and tracts of land in Essex County N.Y. There I went with my family but finding after 1-1/2 years experience that the soil was too poor and the winter too long I resolved to leave again. But many a pleasant evening I recollect at Woodwardsville. Mr. Radcliff, a gentleman from New York, and his sister, who owned a saw mill and large tracts of land here, was our neighbor; a Vermont family (Mr. Este, his wife, three full-grown daughters and some sons) kept house for him; this with my own family made a pretty nice company-either we spent the evenings there or all came to my house and you may believe it was sometimes very lively.

Trying to please my wife, who didn't like the wilderness, and finding an opportunity I went to Cape Cod Massachusetts; for a year and a half I worked a farm on shares then I accepted the offer of a wealthy man to buy me a farm. The farm consisted of only 25 acres of land with a new dwelling house and cost me, when I had built a new barn, 2000 dollars. I raised vegetables for market and made out pretty well but finding that I was toiling only for the rich man who took my earnings as interest for his money I wanted to go where land was cheap although rich. I wanted to find that America where I had dreamed of. My wife was opposed to a new country but at last I prevailed. The question presented itself now where to go to. I would have chosen the West, but I had read so much about the unhealthy climate and the prevalent fevers that I didn't like to risk the lives of myself and family for all the wonders and risks of that far famed country.

I had heard and read several times of the mild and healthy climate of Florida, and reasoning that in a country where a farmer has to provide for no winter his business must be an easy one I resolved to go there.

Cape Cod is all together peopled by seafaring men-in summer all the boys go on a fishing voyage and in winter they stay home and attend school. (My children went also to school-they all speak plain English-no one suspects them to be Germans.) No wonder that my oldest son William, frequenting such company, wanted to go to sea also. The gentleman who bought the farm for me, an old sea captain who had risen in the times of war from a poor boy to a rich man, favored his intention and promised to help him in a few years to the place of a captain, so I was forced to give my consent and he went, before we left, on a voyage around Cape Horn; he follows the sea still but has since regretted very deeply and written many a letter to keep his younger brother back.

In January 1852, we left for Jacksonville, Florida and arrived there. We went 250 miles up the St. Johns River to a settlement called Enterprise, and arrived all in good health and spirits. This place, consisting of a hotel beautifully located on Lake Monroe and about 20 settlers scattered in the woods, is very much frequented in the winter time by invalids from the northern states-a steamboat runs every week between there and Jacksonville. We took possession of an empty log house not far from the hotel, and as my wife and daughters were the only white women in the neighborhood (only one other settler had a wife and she died while we stayed there) our cabin was at all times visited by the hotel people. I remember very well a fleshy gentleman and his lady from Vermont, but I don't recollect his name, who had a great fancy for our company.

As the summer approached the guests from the hotel left, the landlord shut up the house and left also. People told us we would soon get the fever and cautioned us to move off from the lake to the pine woods, but our residence with the view over the clear water of the lake was so pleasant, our health so good, that we did not heed their good advice. I had planted several acres of land with corn and vegetables. In the evenings a great fire of pine knots was lit; the neighbors assembled, stories were told, the girls would sing, till after midnight when the air got cooler we all went to seek rest.

This happy time lasted till about the first of June [1852] when my misfortune commenced. One by one was taken down with the fever. In a while we got so far reduced that we could not get our self a drink of water. (One farmer who lived alone in the woods had got down by the fever, seeing in four weeks not a living soul, and had to crawl all the time on his hands and legs to a spring to get a drink of water.) We ate quinine by the pound; moved to another location but there was no help-sometimes we would get clear of the fever for eight or 14 days but it always returned. After living about a year in this way I went down to Jacksonville and bought a farm four miles below the town on the St Johns River; the tide water and the fresh sea breeze made it a healthy location. I moved my family there and soon all got better except myself who was troubled by the fever a half year longer.

I planted my farm with vegetables for the Jacksonville market and we were getting something underway again when about midsummer 1853, my wife was taken down with dysentery and died after a short sickness. I have lost father and mother but never has anything affected me so much as the loss of my dearest friend my wife. My grief, perhaps owing to the weak state of my health, was most uncontrollable. Standing with my children around the death bed of their mother I told them, "Pretty soon I shall be all alone-Henry will go to sea and you (my daughters) will get married and follow your husbands." Then Wilhelmine, who I had always loved best, flung to my neck bursted in tears, hugging and kissing me, exclaiming, "Father if they all leave you I shall never leave you-I will stay with you."-and she was the first to leave me. I buried the body in the midst of my flower garden before my window-I could not make up my mind to have her carried to a distant graveyard. Evergreen shrubs and never ceasing flowers mark the sacred spot.

In a few days after, Myself, Wilhelmine and Henry were taken down by the same complaint, which in the Southern climate is contagious and generally fatal. My place was four miles from the city and as there was a great deal of sickness prevailing the doctor could not well attend to us so four or so of my friends hired a house in town and moved us there. We were very sick; the doctor visited us twice every day, young ladies watched the nights and gave us medicine and cooling syringes-in my fever dreams they seemed to me like angels. Leonore kept well all the time and stayed with us. In about four weeks Henry got enough better to go to the farm but Wilhelmine was not strong enough and stayed with Leonore in town.

In the next house to us in town lived a Mrs. Ryan, with family. Her oldest daughter was married to a printer who edited a paper but had left and gone as a volunteer against the Indians. Not finding his death by the enemy he took his life himself, owing to jealousy. There was another married daughter in the house who had left her husband, three or four younger children, and a boy of about 19 years. Mr. Ryan was in California. After we had left town this family got intimate with my daughter and induced Wilhelmine to come and live with them. Leonore disliking the people went to live with Mrs. Swart, a very honorable lady, Mr. Swart being important [?] of the town.

Wilhelmine [b July 1834] fell in love with young Ryan and as I was opposed to their union because he was a mean boy and of very unsteady habits she left with the Ryan family for California [1854]. From there she urged Leonore to join her and prevailed at last. Leonore left with a Mrs. Trace who went to join her husband in California and wanted a traveling companion and who paid her expenses. I had no objection for Leonore to go because we never could agree. Wilhelmine was a very handsome girl, well educated and of pleasant manners but of a very sensitive mind. In her fever sickness she often spoke whole hours in a trance, her eyes shut-she would recite a poem from our great poets or sing a hymn with the greatest correctness, feeling, and expression. She would not speak but seemed to understand when we spoke to her: when mother asked her, shall I wash you? she would shake her head, shall Father wash you? she would make a consenting sing. Then I took a bowl with cold water and bathed her commencing on the top of the head; when I came as far as to her breast she would open her eyes and wake from her dream. Now blame me if you can that I didn't keep her back; reasoning was of no use and force would perhaps have killed her or destroyed her reason. She was 18 [20?] years old and has chosen her lot.

I sold my farm for a mere trifle, and went for a time with Henry to a plantation [Sammis?] making gardens. (Some time when I have nothing else to write I will give you a description of a Southern plantation, if you have not got tired of reading my scribbling.) In June last year [1856] we left for the West. From Massachusetts I took two tons of furniture and household goods besides all kinds of farming utensils to Florida. When we left for here I sold nearly all but not enough-our package proved still too cumbersome.

We went by steamboat over Charleston to New York, thence by railroad over Philadelphia, Cleveland, and Chicago to Prairie du Chien [WI]. Here I left Henry for a while and took a scramble through the country to look for land. I fixed on the spot where I am now, preempted [chose for Homestead] 160 acres, and went for Henry and my package. We arrived here July 19, 1856, unhitched our wagon below the shade of a big oak tree near the first spring of the little La Crosse river, made a fire, and cooked our first meal in our new chosen home.

Next we built a shanty, made some hay for winter use, and commenced building a house. After this, with the aid of some neighbors, was finished, purchased a stove for 30 dollars and some household goods and stores. My means was nearly exhausted. My journey from Florida to Wisconsin cost me alone 200 dollars. The winter set in, and the snow being so deep preventing all farming work, Henry resolved to hire out. He is a steady, likely [likable] boy 19 years old. Everybody liked him, the girls not excepted. In Florida he would never join a dancing party but here he got very lively. There was not a week that the young folks did not have a dance. He got a good situation in a village on the railroad 60 miles from here. He left me about the first of January [1857] and I went to board in Mr. Russell's family. Partly I stayed with Mr. Hazen our postmaster, whose office I take over in his absence.

As spring came on I wrote Henry to come home but he wished to stay, without giving any reason. (The neighbors think he has got a sweetheart there.) I may [might] have written again or I may [might] have compelled him to come home but I felt too proud for the one and I would not do the other.

Now if you know how I have loved this boy your heart would tell you how his desertion has grieved me, but love asks no pay. I loved him-my love paid of itself.

I don't wish to be dependent on my children. Since I came here I have gained health and strength. I feel at least 10 years younger. I have not been so well before since I came to America. Next December I shall be 53 years old; some people think me 40. I live in pleasant relation to my neighbors. Sometimes I feel quite happy and think it is better not to have the cares of a family. Sometimes I wish for a friend, a heart that could understand me, that I might call my own.---.

I have hired land of my neighbors; my crops are very promising. I shall raise more than Mr. Russell, who has a large family to support. I have built me a new home, I may raise me a new family-.

Dear Sallie, these lines were written for you and not for the eye of a stranger. I have told you what I think to be the truth. It has given me pleasure to let all the past travel once more through my memory. Judge mild [do not judge harshly], I know very little about you. You have not given me an explanation of your first letter; I shall not ask one. It is my one aim always to believe the best of everyone till I am forced to the contrary. Why should I not believe the best of you, whose friendship I am seeking. I believe you are good; all I ask is don't convince me otherwise.

After reading this long letter I feel rather reluctant to send the same off. I shall wait for another letter from you; I think you have hardly given me a right to believe that you take enough interest in your new found friend to justify my confidence.

Yours truly,.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Sallie Stafford.

<Written in English.> Sallie Stafford, Wallingford, Vermont.

30 Aug 1857 [excerpt].

... all your objection you have made and all you are going to make can be overcome if we unite our effort. If your health is feeble, I never liked strong stout women ... the first part of your last letter says no , the second part creates hope again ...

[Pages cut ... after cut page, obviously to Sally: ].

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From: F.A.M.; To: Sallie Stafford.

<Written in English.> Sallie Stafford, Wallingford, Vermont.

Dec 1857 [excerpt].

... light of a guardian, I have never known a woman who could raise a man.... I am now convinced you love B., and I cannot see any wrong in it-if he is unworthy of your affection that is not your fault. If I knew him I would do all in my power to make him repent and lead him back to his duty ... good by dear friend.

[More pages cut.].

List of Dates:

[<T74>, cont.] 1804, Dec. 27, Friedrich Adolph Meissner, born in Schonbach in the Oberlausitz in the Kingdom of Saxony.

1805, Dec. 2, Johanna Friederike Doris Runtzler born near Hamburg.

1834, July 20, Wilhelmine born.

1836, June 18, Leonore born.

1838, February 23, Henry born.

1832, February 24, William born.

<T75>.

1845, Sept. 1, Departed from Hamburg.

1845, Oct. 20, Arrived in New York.

1845, Nov. 14, arrived in Woodwardsville, Essex County, N.Y.

1847, May 15, arrived in West Barnstable [Massachusetts].

1852, January 24, arrived in Enterprise, Florida.

1853, August 17, Mother [J.F. Doris Runtzler] died.

1854, May 23, F.A.M. became a citizen.

1854, May 27, Wilhelmine departed for California.

1826, Nov. 12, Karoline Marie Eleonore born.

1855, End of May, Leonore departed for California.

1855, August 24, to Sammis.

1856, January 1, [Should be 1857-LPM] Henry left my house.

1856, June 19, Left Jacksonville for Wisconsin.

1856, July 19, Arrived in Big Spring in Monroe County, Wisconsin.

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From: F.A.M.; To: Effie Krauss.

<Written in English.> Effie Krauss.

May 31, 1858.

Dear Effie, let me call you Dear, if I am not dear to you, you have already become so to me. When I did see you the first time I thought you was a pretty good looking girl, since I have got better acquainted with you I do believe you are a true hearted and noble-minded woman. But I am not going to write a love letter, I wish to commit some reasonings and arguments to your consideration.

Suppose that your sentiments are favorable to the wish I have expressed to you, circumstances would prevent a consummation of the same probably late in the fall. [In fact they were married 3 June, three days after the he wrote this letter.-LPM].

Now I wish you to consider that the summer is the time where the farmer has to lay stores up for the winter. With your assistance in my household I could earn nearly double than what I can alone. I don't care so much for myself, I shall always have enough. I say this because I would like to provide you a comfortable home. There is another thing to be considered, if you stay where you are now and allow me to come and see you I ame affraid I may fall so much in love to you that my visits may become to frequent and I may neglect my work all together.

It seems nearly impossible for me to stay all summer allone, and would I not make a bigg fool of myself if I was going to spend my time in courting and when I was to grasp the prize, see it perhaps snatch away by som more favored candidat.

The only way I can see to serve our (?) [sic] interest is if your family would consent to come and live with me, your Brother [Henry Krauss, later Crouse] thinks of going away soon, you will be all allone in the woods, my house will give you better comfort and your Father could raise more Potatoes here then there. You would have a better chance to find out my faults and if you think them not so bigg and consented to be my sweet dear Effie, my dear beloved wife I would like to have your Parents settled near by.

There is some good Government land still here or I will Henry let have one half of my preemption. If you think my offer acceptable let Father and Henry come down as sooner as better and we will take it over and if you think my happiness worth of any consideration I shall expect you in their compaine.

Allow me to call myself your Friend.

Marriage Contract [proposed?].

<Written in English>.

Articles of Agreement made the 00 day of Month, AD one thousand eight hundred and fifty eight between F.A.M. of the one part and E.C. of the other part.

The said F.A.M. and E.C. have agreed and by these presents do agree to become husband and wife together and copartners in all real estate or personal property owned by either partie at present, or acquired thereafter, and do hereby promise to be governed by the following articels.

1. Each of said parties shall give his personal attention and devote his time wholly to the mutual interest and shall use his best skill judgement and discretion in promoting the profits and well fare of ther household.

2. Neither of said parties shall assume any pecuniary liability either in his own or in the name of both for the accommodation of any other person nor sell any real estate without the written consent of the other party.

3. In case of death of one of the parties the remaining party shall be the sole owner of the whole real and personal property and no relation of either partie shall have a claime on the same. In case of Death of both parties the propertie shall go to the children if any originatet of this marriage and no children acquired by either party either before or thereafter their marriage schall have a claim on their mutual property.

[There is no evidence that any such contract was actually agreed and signed by both F.A.M. and E.C.].

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Karoline Gerstenberg.

[<T75>, cont.] Mount Pisgah, Monroe Co., Wisc.

Nov 20, 1858.

Dear Lina! Only a few days ago I received your letter of March. You will find the cause of this by reading my letter.

Last year (1857) was a very good year (as I told you in one of my last letters), everything grow in abundance. Last spring the bushel barley and the bushel potatoes cost 125 cents, in autumn 25 cents.

The last winter was very mild. It rained nearly all the time, which made me so bored and melancholic, that I nearly could not stand it any more, when I sat alone in my house in the evenings. The rain splashed on my windows and no living soul was near me. I felt tired of my life and wanted to die. Finally I decided to get married again, but I found no opportunity till spring came, when a German family from Ohio emigrated to this place. The seemed to be decent people, were however very poor. Their only daughter, a girl of 21 years, became my wife after a short acquaintance [married 3 Jun 1858-LPM] and I have to confess I had more luck than brain in my choice.

But the spring was as wet as the winter. After taking care for my fields and garden I got sick. Since July 1, I am lying in bed since eight weeks on my back. I could not eat anything during <T76> this time. I was nothing more but skin and bone. Nobody believed in my recovery. After this time it got a little bit better but it still took me 14 days, until I could do a few steps around the room. If my wife would not have nursed and treated me so full of love during this time I am sure I would not be alive any more.

In July I received a note from the Express Company in La Crosse (28 miles from here) telling me that a package had arrived for me and only a few days ago I was able to have it picked up. As wet as winter and spring, the summer was also. Wheat and potatoes are entirely ruined, besides there is no money among the people, there is no trade. We did not gather in at all, because everything was choked in weeds. It therefore was very good that I did not receive your seeds earlier. I can now sow it next spring. You will understand that I am unable to send you any money under these circumstances.

We live from corn and some pork. I was lucky to slaughter a pig this autumn. Coffee, tea, sugar, etc. are entirely erased from the list of necessary things. I had to pay 100 cts. for the package, which I had to borrow. I am still to receive some money for the seeds I sold in spring, but nobody has money to pay.

If you look at the map you will see that Wisconsin is in the northwest of A. and you can realize that we don't raise rice and coffee. Our products are corn, wheat, oats, barley, rye, buckwheat, beans, potatoes, onions, cabbage, turnips, apples, cucumbers, pumpkins, and so on. There are no bearing fruit trees here yet, but a pretty good kind of plums grows wild.

I am very happy about the fruit seeds and other seeds you sent me and I am curious to see how big cabbage I can raise. If you won't be impatient I would like to ask you to collect again some seeds for me next summer. I am especially interested in strawberry seeds, also in Steirlander strawberries, Plattfriesische and Dutch potatoes (seeds, not bulbs), as well as in all sorts of plants and shrubs. This will cause you no expenses, only some troubles. If I want something else besides this and will have the money for it I am going to write you again in summer. You have to send it at any rate in autumn. It will be too late in spring.

My health is again well and you can read from the preceding letter that I did not lose my <T77> courage yet and am full of plans for the future. Only I miss the youthful strength.

I hope this letter will reach you in good health. We send our regards and I remain your loving father ...

== To Heinrich Gerstenberg [son of Karoline, b. 1849?]:

I was very glad about your little letter and I would be still happier if you would come over here. But you don't have to wait until you are grown up. It is there harder to get used to the type of living, work, and language here. If you are industrious and properly, you can earn yourself a nice farm as by Kuhlmann's or Mr. Yehlers, but you have to build the houses yourself.

Give my regards to your brothers and write me in your next letter when each of you was born.

Your Grandfather ...

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Sallie Stafford.

<Written in English.> Sallie Stafford, South Wallingford, Vermont.

4 Dec 1858 [excerpt].

Dear friend, ... I was married the third of June last to a woman of German birth and American education who came here from Ohio with their parents a short time previous. My somwhat hasty choice has proved quit a happy one, my wife is twenty one years old, she has a very good heart, is pretty good looking, and speaks well English.

I am very desirios not to lose the likeness of my daughter with her little boy which I have send to you and I shall ask the favor (I think it is the last) of you to send the same back to me.

If this letter should meet no answer, I shall have to write to your Postmaster to obtain som information.

Yours truly.

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Karoline Gerstenberg.

[<T77>, cont.] March 15, 1859.

Dear Lina! Last Nov. I wrote you a letter and I hope you received it. But as I received no answer I want to repeat the most important things.

Last summer was here very wet, unfruitful, and unhealthy. I was very sick and weak for two months, that I was unable to do a thing. I recovered only late in autumn, but I am very well now. You know from my former letters that Henry left me and I wrote in my last letter that I could not stand life alone any longer and that I got married again. If you won't become impatient I will include a list of seeds I want you to send me this summer ...

Several of the seeds above you sent me already last summer, but I don't know yet what will come up. Please write to me when you receive this letter, as I would like to know how you are doing. Give my regards to Karl and let me know how he is doing and whether he is still working for Le Roy [de Ray?-LPM] as a gardener.

If you are interested I am going to tell you more about our life here. As you know, I am living in the state Wisconsin, in the county of Monroe and in the town[ship] of Portland. Monroe County is 30 miles long and wide, the town[ship] of Portland is 12 miles long and six miles wide. Every town has the following officials, which are elected new every year: three supervisors, one of them is Chairman, another is Clerk, and the 3rd is Treasurer; a Superintendent for the schools, and two assessors, one sealer and seven assessors [? tax collector? -LPM] and four Justices of the Peace. <T78> Every autumn the land and property of the inhabitants is estimated by the assessors, the clerk makes a tax-list accordingly, and the Treasurer has to collect the taxes until the end of January. The value of our town was this last year $43,859 and the taxes amounted to $1568, of which $178 went to the state, $248 to the county, $179 to the town, $866 for schools, and about $100 for roads. Everyone elected to office has to swear and has to put up a bond. All town officials receive for every day spent in office $1.50. I am clerk and my amount will be about $40. Next April new officials are going to be elected again, that is always a very lively time for our town. There are several parties and every party tries to get its friends elected. Every white man who is 21 years old and has lived in this state for a year is allowed to vote, whether he is poor or rich. All the town officials, the Governor and the other State officials, the County officials, and Judges throughout the country are voted at one time, elected on a certain day in autumn. Every four years a President of the U.S. is elected.

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Edward Kullmann.

To Mr. Edward Kullmann, Publisher of the Madison Newspaper, Madison, Wisc.

Mt. Pisgah, Monroe Co., Wisc., Nov. 10, [1859].

Dear Sir! I read in your paper an appeal to philanthropes for a certain widow Erndle. You state yourself ready to accept contributions for her. You maybe can do more for her and secure a decent living for her, if you want to take up the small trouble and do the negotiations.

I have a neighbor, his name is Friedrich Schultz, about 35 years old, the owner of 80 acres of land, house, oxen, cows, and pigs, has no debts, is a decent, industrious man and widower. He is willing to take Mrs. Erndle with her children as a housekeeper, assumed that she has interest in this job, and he will probably marry her, when he gets to know her more intimately. Would you please inform Mrs. Erndle and send her answer to me and let me know more details about her situation. If she agrees I am going to have Schultz give me a written assurance. Mrs. Erndle is supposed to come by train till Sparta, where he will pick her up with his wagon.

You must not be surprised about this <T79> proposal and think there is something wrong somewhere. The man has a good name, a nice appearance and a friendly character and enough to eat. German women are rare here, however, and he does not want an English one.

Expecting a kind reply, I sign ...

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Robert Henning.

Mr. Robert Hennig, St. Louis, Mo.

Mt. Pisgah, M.C., Wisc., Nov. 14, 1859.

Dear Sir! My daughter wrote from Kummerfeld near Hamburg that my wife Elise, former Mithofen is coheiress to the inheritance of your cousin Hans Wilhelm Detlev Wiedersprecher, who died in Hermann Mo.

I learnt besides that, from my daughter's letter, that you tried to collect the mentioned inheritance behind my back-but without success, as it-consisting of property-is not allowed to go abroad, but an heir, who was at the time of death of the testator in the U.S., can collect it.

Now I would like to hear from you, whether there is such a law, and how I can claim the inheritance as the husband of the heiress. I am living in this country since 1845 and am citizen of the U.S. Of what does the inheritance consist, and in whose hands is it now? What papers might I need to prove my claims?-If you will give me a satisfactory answer I won't fail to negotiate with you more closely.

=

From: F.A.M.; To: C.F. Adae, Esq.

C.F. Adae, Esq., Cincinnati, O.

M.P. M.C. W. Nov. 14, 1859.

My wife Elise, formerly Mithofen from Vurel in Oldenburg, who is presently living in Kummerfeld in Holstein, writes me that her cousin Hans Wilhelm Detlev Wiedersprecher, also from Oldenburg, had died some years ago in Hermann, Missouri and that he left a fortune of about $16,000 for which she is coheiress (my wife's father, mother, and sisters and brothers are all dead). She has tried in vain to receive the inheritance. Now the U.S. Consul of Hamburg has told her, that the inheritance cannot go abroad as it consists of real estate; however, can be collected by an heir who was in the U.S. at the time of the testator's death.

I found your address as Consul of Oldenburg in a German paper. <T80> I therefore take the liberty (as both the testator and the heiress are from Oldenburg-I am a born Saxon!) to ask you: whether there is such a law in the U.S. or in Missouri and how I as the husband of the heiress and citizen of here, can claim the inheritance, as I was living here already during the time of the testator's death. Asking a kind reply, I sign ...

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Karoline Gerstenberg.

To Karoline Gerstenberg in Kummerfeld near Hamburg.

Nov 15, 1859.

After having waited for a long time without result I received your letter a few days ago. Did you not receive my letter from last spring? I asked you to answer me. I can get over it that the bastard brood Heinrich and his sisters and brother left me, but it hurts me very much that my only daughter neglects me so much. If it would not be for this silly inheritance I maybe would not have heard from you for a long time.

I wish you would not have disturbed my peace by your inheritance affair. A lot of worries, troubles, and expenses are for sure, but the success as uncertain as hitting the jackpot. Until I have heard more details about the inheritance I want to tell you about my present life. You always think we here in America sit full with money and without worries, but we have to earn our living with our labor also.

Just imagine you move with everything into your darkest heath, presumed no land there is cultivated yet. There you can build yourself first a cabin. Then you go to the forest close by and fell trees for a log house. Before you even have finished it, it starts to snow. Next year you rent some land for potatoes too, root the bushes and shrubs besides in the heath, and have about an acre ploughed. The next spring, after you have taken care for the neighbor field, [imagine that] Gerstenberg gets sick and is lying half dead in bed for eight weeks. You are busy enough to take care for your sick husband. When he is finally better he is so weak that he is unable to work through the whole autumn. During this time, the pigs have dug up your potatoes and winter is before your doors again. Fortunately the forest is not far away, <T81> so you have no want of firewood. A new spring comes (1859) and with it new hope and lust for life. If you can imagine all this you know my beginning in Wisc.

Now I want to tell you about this last summer. April was nice and warm, but May was so wet cold, that the time for seeds and plants was put off until the end of this month. I planted the acre of land which I had cultivated near my house, with potatoes and garden vegetables, and borrowed a piece of land from my neighbor besides. I took everything what I could scrape together and bought a cow for $20, which was supposed to calve in a few weeks. It looked for the young grass near the creek, got stuck by her feet on a soft spot, fell head over heels into the water, and drowned.

May 21: Beans, cucumber, and other tender vegetables froze so that I had to start sowing again.

May 28: We had a strong hail shower, which killed everything the frost had left.

June 4: We had a hard night frost. Cucumbers, beans, pumpkins, potatoes, and corn froze; the two last ones sprouted again from the root. The leaves and young sprouts from the oaks and other wild trees were black.

June 16: Mild hoar frost, which did no harm to me.

July 26 & 27: Frost in the night, but with little harm.

Aug. 1: After a very long drought rain came; the potatoes and vegetables which nearly all were dried up grew again fresh and strong.

Sept. 2: Hard frost at night. Corn, potatoes, and many other things which were in the best growth, were entirely ruined.

When you read the above things you must not believe that the region here is so cold. This was a very unusual year. Wheat, barley, rye, and oats grew excellently.

I am very well and have again bought a nice cow for $23 and two calves for $9 this autumn. Times are still very bad; money is nearly not existing at all. There is only trade and exchange of things. I am sometimes surprised about myself how I survived. I always had enough <T82> to live till now. If I would have understood how to manage with so little I would be nearly rich. But what is money good for? One cannot eat it and cannot take it along in one's grave either.

The seeds you sent me last summer have all arrived well. As you have had a little daughter again I have to believe you still have a husband. I nearly doubted it as you never wrote about him. I am glad that you are all well.

You ask me to take over your inheritance affair, without informing me more about the details. I have written to Robert Hennig. He answered me shortly that he had heard of a Widow Meissner and that he would only [supply] more details if I would send him $10.

If you want me to take over this affair I will do it, and will pay you half of everything I will be able to get-after the expenses are deducted, naturally.

In order to enable me to act successfully I have to know:

1. How is your mother related to Detlev Wiedersprecher?

2. Who are the co-heirs?

3. Has your mother given a certificate to Robert Hennig or somebody else, and what papers did she send to him?

Then you have to mail me the following papers:

No. 1 is a copy of the inheritance and certificate. Your mother has to sign and seal there where I marked it by pencil, in the same way you and Gerstenberg have to sign as witnesses also. Then your mother has to go to a public notary and he has to put down about the following things and has to sign his name and put down his seal. You must not forget either to put the date in.

No. 2 is a marriage certificate. As the name in the parish book is incorrect you have to get two witnesses who are signing the paper and a notary has to make an oath, maybe Ullrich and Bruhmann.

No. 3 is a revocation of a certificate made earlier.

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Mr. W. Voigt.

<T83> Mr. W. Voigt, Capital Brewery, Madison, Wis.

Dec. 18, 1859.

I have received your letter of the 13 of this month. After having talked again with Schultz, I can reply that he has the doubt to make expenses and troubles to himself by a trip to Madison. If the widow Erndle could have come here, as I suggested, she would not only have found a nice place for the winter, but also a marriage could have been arranged-without doubt. I am sorry that the circumstances did not allow the execution of my plan, as I would have liked to have found a support for the widow and a housekeeper for my neighbor ...

=

From: F.A.M.; To: E.C. Angelrodt.

Mr. E.C. Angelrodt in St. Louis, Mo., Duke and Consul of Oldenburg.

Dec. 18, 1859.

About four weeks ago I wrote a letter to Mr. C.F. Adae in Cincinnati, whose address I found in a newspaper. He replied that he sent my letter to you for answering. As I have not heard anything yet from you I take the liberty to put my affair before you again.

My wife Elise (from whom incidentally I have heard nothing for years) born as Mithofen in Vanel in the Oldenburg, writes to me from Kummerfeld in Holstein, that her cousin Hans Wilhelm Detlev Wiedersprecher, also from Oldenburg, died in Hermann, Mo. some years ago and that he left a big fortune to which she is co-heiress. As it seems, she tried without success to ask for that inheritance, and therefore addresses me. The U.S. Consul in Hamburg is said to have told her that the inheritance-as it consists of property-is not allowed to go abroad, but can be collected by an heir who was in the U.S. at the time of the testator's death. Caused by these words, I take the liberty to ask you some questions and, as both the heiress and the testator are from Oldenburg, I don't doubt that you will be so kind as to answer me.

1. Is there a law in the U.S. or in Missouri, which does not permit 'real estate' to be collected by an heir living abroad?

<T84> 2. Which claims can I make and prove as the husband of the heiress, as I was here in this country at the time of the testator's death.

3. What do I have to do to prove my claims?

4. Do you know more details about this inheritance?

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Mr. Jacob Rubin.

Mr. Jacob Rubin, Whitewater, Wis. Jan. 10, 1860.

I heart from your cousin and our both friend John Wenhen, that you intended to make yourself a house in the country. If you still have the plan, I would like to inform you of an good opportunity how to acquire a beautiful piece of land very inexpensive.

I have a farm of 160 acres, which has the following situation [sketch map showing parcels 1, 2, 3, 4, and creek]. As you can see the road and creek goes through the middle of this land, which would make two beautiful farms. 80 acres are enough for each of us and I could give therefore half of it, that is No. 1 & 2. That is without doubt the better half. As I live on No. 4, I have to take No. 3 & 4. No. 1 is beautiful, plain plowing country and No. 2 is the best wood lot in a circle of six miles, where there would be no more piece of wood if I would not have guarded it since three years and for which already many are lurking.

There have been some sales made lately, land without wood and water for five Taler per acre. I will sell you these both 40 acres for $150. My preemption is valid till the beginning of March. If you are unable to scrape all the money together and pay me only $50, we can keep the land another year for you, if you give John the order. You better keep in mind, you will receive wood and beautiful, clear water, which never freezes in winter and is cold as ice in summer, good pastures, beautiful plowing land, and you can build your house directly at the Sheck [?] river road. You cannot find a piece of land with all these advantages around here.

I am sorry that you don't know me closer, [so] that you will know I am no cheat. But you easily can convince yourself if you ask Krahenbuhl.

Expecting a reply soon, I sign ...

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Land Office Commissioner.

<Written in English.> Commissioner of the General Land Office, Washington, D.C.

Jan 1860 [excerpt].

... People save their own timber and skim some Government [land] entirely, thereby making it worthless. ... You will perhaps say this is none of my business, the reason is I wish to protect some Govt. land adjoining my farm till I can enter the same.

=

From: F.A.M.; To: W.J. Slater.

<T85> W.J. Slater, Esq., Hermann, Mo.

Jan 30, 1860.

I read your address in the Hermann paper and I want to know whether you know some details about the inheritance of Hans Wilhelm Detlev Wiedersprecher who died several years ago and whether you can be my attorney in my claims as heir to this inheritance or whether you are already engaged in this affair by another party. Looking forward to a speedy reply I sign ...

== [Addendum to same letter? (compare Nov 14, 1859)].

My wife writes me from Holstein: "My cousin Hans W. Detlev Wiedersprecher died a few years ago in Hermann, in the state of Missouri, and he left a fortune of about $16,000 behind, of which I am a coheiress. Now the money, as it comes from real estate-cannot be sent to Denmark [?!]. Now the American Consul in Hamburg told me that an heir who was in America at the time of his death can claim all of the inheritance.

=

From: F.A.M.

<Written in English.> [Other letters concerning claims for uncle's inheritance in Missouri.].

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Newspaper in Hermann, Mo.

To the Publisher of the Paper in Hermann, Mo.

M.P. M.C. W. Oct 9, 1860.

Dear Sir! Some years ago a certain Detlev Wiedersprecher died in Hermann and left an important inheritance behind, which was claimed by his heirs in Germany (as I heard a short time ago!), but there is still a lawsuit about it going on. You would do me a big favor if you would let me know whether there is still time to prove a claim to said inheritance and could you tell me somebody there who would take over this affair. My wife is first cousin to said Wiedersprecher and I was at the time of his death in America. Expecting your kind reply, I sign ...

=

From: F.A.M.; To: Karoline Gerstenberg etc.

To daughter Karoline Gerstenberg, brother Karl Meissner, grandson Heinrich Gerstenberg, and son-in-law Georg Gerstenberg (in or near Kummerfeld).

M.P. M.C. W. Oct 9, 1860.

Dear Lina! I received your letter from spring and read it with great joy. I hope that the Hugter (?-M.C.) which you had while writing the letter, did not turn into a bad disease.

As you will be most interested in the inheritance affair I will tell you first all about it I know. After much red tape I learned that Robert Hennig died which slowed the affair down-I hope to the best of our interest. I have received my and your grandparents' marriage certificate, but in order to have power to act I need the certificate that I sent for you to sign.

We had an excellent summer. My health is well. I am feeling stronger than when I left Kummerfeld. I have together with only an old man mowed and dried 20,000 lb. of hay, and in Kummerfeld I could not even mow my meadows. My cattle is doing excellently, and I wish you and your husband and children would be here. What a nice farm we would establish! Not a single one of the <T86> primroses did come up; the carnations and other things did fine. If you have collected this summer shrubs and plants seeds for me please send it like your last letter with a Hamburg packet boat and have it mailed in N.Y. If you can, please include the following seeds ...

Send it as soon as possible. I hope that this letter may reach you as well as it leaves me. Your Father ...

==

Dear brother Karl! If you are still alive so let me please know how you are doing. I am well and doing fine. Enclose a letter for me in Lina's letter, please.

Your brother ...

==

Dear Heinrich! I have received your little letter, which you wrote to me more than a year ago, and I read it with great joy. I have also answered it, but my letter got lost as your mother told me. As you surely have learned how to write even better in the meantime, I would be glad to receive again a letter from you in which you tell me all about you, your brothers and sister, your garden, and so on. [Heinrich, b. abt. 1849, was about 11 years old at this time.-LPM.].

My best regards from your loving ...

==

Dear Gerstenberg! As I would also like very much to hear about you, I am going to tell you something about here: It is stated that this year about 300 millions bushel wheat were raised in Wisconsin (1 bushel weighs 60 lb.), in whole America about 180 millions bushel.-[Compare the following with F.A.M. letter to Karoline March 15, 1859-LPM.] Wisconsin is divided into Counties and these again into Town[ship]s. The town[ship] I am living in is called Portland and is six miles long and six miles wide. Every square mile is called a 'Sect[ion]." Every sect[ion] is again divided into four parts and every quarter again in four parts or 40 acres. This is smallest quantity of land one can buy from the Government and that for $50. Every town has a Supervisor and two assistant Supervisors, a Town Clerk, a Treasurer; an Assessor, four Justices of the Peace and four Constables, and a Town Superintendent [of schools?]. Every year in April these officials are elected anew. Every inhabitant of 21 years of age has the right to vote. The names of the candidates you want to vote for are all printed or written on a paper and this paper is thrown into a certain box. After all have voted the papers are taken out and <T87> read aloud. Who